1. Blood

2. Plasma Liquid portion of blood 55% of total blood volume 90% water
Remainder contains dissolved proteins, glucose, clotting factors, mineral ions, and hormones

3. Erythrocytes (RBC’s) About 45% blood volume
Biconcave discs that lack a nucleus and organelles
Contain hemoglobin and carry oxygen throughout the body
Erythropoietin—hormone that stimulates the bone marrow to produce RBC’s

4. Anemia Means "lack of blood“
Decrease in normal number of RBC’s or less than the normal quantity of hemoglobin in the blood
Most cases are due to iron deficiency
Sickle Cell Anemia—genetic disorder due to a hemoglobin mutation, causing the cells to become sickle-shaped

5. Leukocytes
Cells of the immune system that aid in the body’s defense against foreign materials and infectious disease
Neutrophils—target bacteria and fungi
Eosinophils—target parasites and present during allergic reactions
Basophils—present in allergic reactions
Lymphocytes—target tumor cells, virus-infected cells, and other pathogens
Monocytes—mostly become macrophages and engulf cellular debris and large pathogens

6. Leukemia
A cancer of the blood or bone marrow that is characterized by an abnormal proliferation (production by multiplication) of blood cells, usually white blood cells (leukocytes).

7. Platelets Less than 1% of total blood volume
Platelets play a fundamental role in hemostasis
Are a natural source of growth factors.
Leading to the formation of blood clots.

8. Blood Types

9. Rhesus (Rh) Factor
Rh Factor (+ or -) —presence of an additional D antigen on RBC’s
Hemolytic disease—incompatibility in blood types between mother and fetus. The mother’s antibodies essentially attack the fetus’s RBCs