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Do Now Photosynthesis provides most of the energy for life processes. Is energy transfer up a food chain very efficient? Explain.

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Presentation on theme: "Do Now Photosynthesis provides most of the energy for life processes. Is energy transfer up a food chain very efficient? Explain."— Presentation transcript:

1 Do Now Photosynthesis provides most of the energy for life processes. Is energy transfer up a food chain very efficient? Explain.

2 Ch 8 Photosynthesis Overview, Reactions and Leaf Structure https://www.youtube.com/watch?v =lqEDz2vfhpQ

3 Early Discoveries Jan Bapiste Van Helmont (1600s) –Wanted to find out if plants grew by taking material from the soil –Created experiment to test this and found out most of plant growth was due to water, not the soil –Helmont concluded that water was important for plant growth

4 Early Discoveries Joseph Priestley –100 years later in England –Created experiment observing a flame under a glass jar added mint under the jar and it kept the flame burning Realized oxygen produced by the plant kept the flame burning https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=pdgkuT12e 14https://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=pdgkuT12e 14

5 Question of Knowing What did Joseph Priestley discover about photosynthesis?

6 Answer He discovered that plants produce oxygen

7 Early Discoveries Jan Ingenhousz –Dutch Biologist/Chemist –Realized plants produced oxygen only when exposed to light Together these discoveries led scientists to understand the process of photosynthesis

8 I. Photosynthesis A. Photo = light Synthesis = putting together B.Plants use light to convert CO 2 and H 2 O into high energy glucose and release O 2 as waste. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LgYPeeABoUs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_IV-E68rh18

9 Photosynthesis song I need a little light So I can store energy I need a little light So I can make ATP I need a little light Im gonna make some food Its outta sight And I need a little light Been sittin here in this chloroplast, feeling green the whole day through Yeah, Im a little thylakoid, waitin for something to do Im gonna move some electrons through a chain Thats gonna pump some hydrogen in But its been dark all night and you can see the state Im in CHORUS When the electrons leave the chain theyre gonna join NADP (plus) And that high conconcentration of hydrogens gonna want outside of me Gonna go through a special protein thats gonna kick some ATP out Thats what movin these electrons is really all about CHORUS The ATP and NADPH are gonna make a cycle go round At the end of the calvin cycle glucose can be found You gotta put in 6 pieces of CO2 to make that precious food And use up the products of the thylakoid, darn this systems good CHORUS The chlorophyl that lost the electrons is gonna have to get some more So an enzymes gonna break apart water (using 6 no less no more) Its gonna produce 6 molecules of fresh O2, though the plant just thinks its waste Its amazing to think that this photosynthesis is happening all over the place

10 Balance light C. CO 2 + H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 Equation

11 light C. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Equation

12 Wavelengths of light ROY G BIV Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet

13 D. Chlorophyll in plants absorb all wavelengths EXCEPT green 1. Chloro = green 2. green bounces off = leaves appear green 3. plants would die if only exposed to green light http://scienceunderground.org/science/how- leaves-change-color/

14

15 Do Now Take out 8.1 homework If a plant is exposed to ONLY green wavelengths of light, what will happen to the plant? Explain your reasoning.

16 E. Parts of a Chloroplast Remember, chloroplasts are found in plant cells!

17 F. Underside of leaf covered in stomata or guard cells

18

19 Stoma control transpiration (water loss) and gas exchange

20 Exit Card If stoma didn’t exist on leaves, how would photosynthesis be affected? What process involving the evaporation of water would also be affected?

21 Exit Card Plant cells contain chloroplasts, which help create glucose. Mitochondria carry out respiration and help break down glucose with the help of oxygen into ATP. Do plant cells need mitochondria too and does this mean they also carry out respiration? Explain. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eo5Xn dJaz-Yhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eo5Xn dJaz-Y

22 III. 2 reactions of photosynthesis A. Light Dependent Reaction - requires light 1. Thylakoid structures (photosystems) absorb/trap light energy and chlorophyll becomes “energized”

23 2. Some light energy converted to ATP in chloroplasts (thylakoid)

24 3. The rest of the light energy is used to split water molecules into H+ and O 2 molecules 4. O 2 is released as waste 5. H + are trapped by NADP+ molecule (a carrier molecule) and saved as NADPH 6. Stored ATP and H+ ions in NADPH are saved for the next step

25 B. Light independent Reaction – light not required (also called Calvin Cycle) NADPH drops off H+ ions CO 2 molecules are obtained from the atmosphere ATP energy saved from the light dependent reaction is used to join these together C 6 H 12 O 6 molecules created

26 IV. C 6 H 12 O 6 importance: A. Stored and used by plants for energy B.Eaten by heterotrophs for energy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pE82qtKS SH4 Crash course - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sQK3 Yr4Sc_k http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sQK3 Yr4Sc_k

27 Photosynthesis rap Chorus Photosynthesis, let’s get into this Discussion of sunlight, and transfer of energy. Photosynthesis, let’s get into this Process of chemical reactions and synergy. Verse I Plants take water, sun, and CO2, to make glucose: the sugar that they use for food They also put oxygen into the air So we can share, because oxygen is everywhere The energy transforms from solar to chemical All the time, everywhere, the process is identical In every plant, and every tree Enabling all living things to be Chorus Verse II Let’s take a look at the light reaction Making chemical energy when light is captured electrons flow through the photo systems Flowing so fast you might have missed ‘em Within the chloroplast lies the action The thylakoid membrane is where it happens ATP and NADPH Are products of light, water, air, and space Chorus Verse III The Calvin cycle, or dark reaction Doesn’t need direct sunlight for it to run right. CO2 from the air enters the chloroplast Mixing with organic molecules for the last time With the help of the enzyme Rubisco Carbon Fixation—I thought you knew this yo! It forms a carbohydrate known as G3P It’s created, recreated, and recycled you see Chorus Bridge Leaves on trees and even weeds meet needs Making oxygen we need to breathe You want to learn it with ease? You want to master the keys? It’s photosynthesis, listen to this please Chorus

28 V. Factors affecting photosynthesis A. Water availability B. Temperature C. Light intensity (higher the better)

29 Do Now Where do the light dependent reactions occur in the chloroplasts? What is the major product of the light independent reactions?

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