1. Climate Change: observations, projections, and impacts Michael Case Research Scientist WWF Adaptation Centre

2. The Greenhouse Effect Solar radiation passes through the clear atmosphere Some solar radiation is reflected by the Earth and the atmosphere Some of the infrared radiation passes through the atmosphere, and some is absorbed and re-emitted in all directions by greenhouse gas molecules. The effect of this is to warm the Earth’s surface and the lower atmosphere.

3. Glacial-Interglacial Ice Core Data Time (thousands of years before present) 384 ©IPCC 2007: WG1-AR4

4. 4 Observed Climate Change – Temperature

5. 5 Observed Climate Change – Precipitation ©IPCC 2007: WG1-AR4 Increases in rainfall in south-east Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, the Argentinean Pampas and some parts of Bolivia have had impacts on land use and crop yields, and have increased flood frequency and intensity. Major droughts in 2004 and 2005

6. 6

7. Sea-Level Rise 7

8. 8 Projected Climate Change - Temperature ©IPCC 2007: WG1-AR4 2020-20292090-2099

9. Continental Surface Temperature Anomalies: Observations and Projections 9 ©IPCC 2007: WG1-AR4

10. 10 Projected Climate Change – Precipitation ©IPCC 2007: WG1-AR4

11. Increase in temperature extremes 11

12. Climate impacts on ecosystems 12 ©IPCC 2007: WG1-AR4

13. % change in annual runoff by 2014-60 13 Increases of up to 50% in streamflow in the rivers Uruguay, Paraná and Paraguay (Bidegain et al., 2005; Camilloni, 2005b) – IPCC 2007 ©IPCC 2007: WG1-AR4

14. Climate change impacts on freshwater 14 ©IPCC 2007: WG1-AR4

15. Spread of Malaria, Dengue

16. Impacts to Agriculture

17. Impacts to Forests and Natural Areas

18. Impacts to Water Resources

19. Impacts to Coastal Areas

20. Impacts to Biodiversity

21. Key Climate Change Impacts 21