2. The Animal Kingdom What is an animal?

3. Basic Animal Characteristics 1) Multicellular 2) Heterotrophic 3) Eukaryotic/No Cell Walls

4. Grouping of Animals Invertebrates: No backbone Consist of 95% of all animal species Range in size from dust mites to Giant Squid (up to 20 m in length) Vertebrates: Contain a backbone Consist of 5% of all animal species Fish  Mammals

5. Animal Survival 1. Feeding 2. Respiration 3. Circulation 4. Excretion 5. Response 6. Movement 7. Reproduction All functions help to maintain homeostasis Controlled by internal feedback Feedback Inhibition: product or result of a process stops the activity Ex: Panting stops when body temperature drops to desired result

6. 1. Feeding All animals are heterotrophic and are different levels of consumers based on “who/what” they eat Ex: Bird Beaks

7. Consumer Info… Animals will use sight, hearing, smell, and environmental factors to take in food All are ADAPTATIONS Ways to feed: Carnivore, Herbivore, Filter Feeder, Detritovore Can you think of an adaptation to getting food from the above examples?

8. 2. Respiration Many ways to take in oxygen Gills, Lungs, Semi-permeable skin Oxygen is needed to for cellular respiration in the mitochondria

9. 3. Circulation Small animals rely totally on diffusion Large animals with many tissue layers need a system to move materials thru body Ex:Open Circulatory vs. Closed Circulatory CLOSEDOPEN

10. 4. Excretion Elimination of toxic/excess substances EX: Ammonia, Carbon Dioxide, Water, Sugar

11. 5. Response Thru the use of nerve cells and receptors, animals are able to detect changes in the environment Respond to light, heat, sound, smell Also includes the processing of info

12. 6. Movement Sessile, Jet-Propulsion, Muscle Movement Swim, Fly, Walk, Swing, Hop, Crawl, Ooze

13. 7. Reproduction Egg and Sperm come together to form a unicellular zygote! Mitosis occurs and a blastula is formed Cells don’t separate completely Form a groove in order to multiply cell numbers to become MULTICELLULAR Groove= CLEAVAGE

15. Tissue Layers/Cavities Ectoderm (outer) Mesoderm (mid) Endoderm (inner) All 3 layers combine to form tissues These layers create a body cavity Cavity provides extra space for organs and allows for specialization

16. Body Plans The way extremities are arranged, especially arms and legs Symmetry: 1) Radial (circular) 2) Bilateral (mirror image) 3) Asymmetry (random body shape)

17. Match Game: Match the Picture with the correct symmetry! RADIAL BILATERAL ASYMMETRY