2. Welcome to CMPE003 Personal Computer Concepts: Hardware and Software Winter 2003 UC Santa Cruz Instructor: Guy Cox

3. January 23, 20032 Assignments Homework #4 – Due February 12 (That’s due next Wednesday )  Design your own resume  Must use a Word Processor (ie, M$ Word) Notepad will not suffice.  Details and sample resume – see class page – http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/classes/cmpe003/Winter03/hw4_resume.ht ml

4. Input and Output: The User Connection Chapter 5 Part A

5. January 23, 20034 Output Information for the user Types  Screen – soft copy  Printer – hard copy  Voice  Sound  Graphics

6. January 23, 20035 Monitor (screen) Data that is entered appears on the screen Screen is part of the monitor

7. January 23, 20036 Monitor Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Flat panel display Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Gas Plasma Display

8. January 23, 20037 CRT Raster scanning Sweeping electron beams across the back of the screen Phosphorous coating on back of screen Glows when hit by a beam of electrons Phosphorous loses glow and image fades and flickers Image must be continually refreshed

9. January 23, 20038 CRT Refresh rate / scan rate Number of times electron beams refreshes the screen Process also used for television 80-100 times per second adequate for clear screen image  60 Hz is problematic – Why??

10. January 23, 20039 CRT Interlaced vs. Non-interlaced Interlaced  Refresh every other line on each pass  Lower refresh rate without flicker  Good for fixed graphics  Causes flutter with animated graphics  Inexpensive Non-interlaced  Refresh every line on each pass  Typical of screens sold today

11. January 23, 200310 CRT Color vs. Monochrome Color  Typical monitor sold today Monochrome  Green or amber on a contrasting background  Less expensive than color  Typically used on terminals

12. January 23, 200311 CRT Resolution Clarity of image Pixel (Picture element)  Dot on screen  Is addressable  Can be illuminated  More pixels means higher resolution Dot pitch  Distance between dots  Smaller distance means better quality image

13. January 23, 200312 CRT Graphics Card/Graphics Adapter Board Plugs into expansion slot on motherboard Graphics card and monitor must be compatible for high quality image

14. January 23, 200313 CRT Size Measured diagonally Typical sizes  Office user: 15-17 inch  High-powered graphics user: 19 inch  High-end monitors: 21 inches and up Larger size  More expensive  More space on desktop  Reduces eye strain

15. January 23, 200314 Graphics Standards PCs Monitor Graphics boards Software Help insure that the products work together

16. January 23, 200315 Graphics Standards SVGA (Super VGA)  Resolution – 800 x 600, 1024 x 768, 1280 x 1024, 1600 x 1200 pixels  16 million colors  Number of colors displayed simultaneously limited by amount of video memory XGA (Extended Graphics Array)  High resolution  Supports more simultaneous colors  Allows non-interlaced monitors

17. January 23, 200316 Flat-panel Screens Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Primarily on laptops Moving to desktop Skinny (depth) regardless of size

18. January 23, 200317 Flat-panel Screens Crisp, brilliant images Easy on eyes No flicker Full dimension is useable More expensive that CRT monitors

19. January 23, 200318 Flat-panel Screens Active Matrix  Thin-film transistor technology (TFT)  Transistors for each pixel  Brighter image  Viewable from an angle Passive Matrix  Fewer transistors  Cheaper  Less power  Images can appear fuzzy

20. January 23, 200319 Printers Produce information on paper Orientation  Portrait  Landscape Methods of printing  Impact  Non-impact

21. January 23, 200320 Impact Printers Line printer One line at a time High volume Low quality Dot-matrix printer One character at a time

22. January 23, 200321 Non-impact Printer: Laser Printer

23. January 23, 200322 Non-impact Printer: Laser Printer Transfers images to paper using a light beam Prints one page at a time 600-1200 dpi – High quality Speed  Personal laser printers: 8-10 ppm  Network laser printers: 35-50 ppm  High-volume laser printers: up to 1000 ppm Black & white / Color

24. January 23, 200323 Non-impact Printer: Ink-jet Printer Spray ink at paper Black & white / Color Excellent graphics Good quality Slower than laser

25. January 23, 200324 Non-impact Printer Choose based upon: Speed Quality Black & white vs. color Price

26. January 23, 200325 Sound Creates multimedia output Multiple sight and sound effects Speakers Sound card

27. January 23, 200326 Voice Output: Speech Synthesis Enables machines to talk to people Types  Voice synthesizers  Voice output devices  Audio-response units Converts data in storage to vocalized sounds Synthesis by analysis – human sounds are stored and reproduced as needed Synthesis by rule – creates artificial speech

28. January 23, 200327 Voice Output: Speech synthesis Uses Automobiles Telephone surveys Catalog order is ready Your payment is late reminder Santa Cruz Public Library  Overdue notices

29. January 23, 200328 Music and Other Sounds MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)  Communicates between MIDI devices and computer  Rules that produce and process digital music signals  MIDI information tells synthesizer When to start and stop playing a note Volume Modulation Software is available for composing and editing per MIDI standard

30. January 23, 200329 Terminals Device that provides input and output capabilities Dumb terminal  Keyboard and monitor  Connects to host for processing Intelligent terminal  Keyboard, monitor, memory, and processor  Connects with host Point-of-sale terminal (POS)  Input and output device  Captures retail data

31. January 23, 200330 Computer Graphics Business Education Science Sports Computer art Entertainment

32. January 23, 200331 Business Graphics Types  Maps  Charts Help  Compare data  Spot trends  Make decisions quickly Attention-getting Updated instantaneously Rendered quickly

33. January 23, 200332 Video Graphics Animated graphics Prepared one frame at a time Examples  Animated films Monster’s Inc. (Pixar)  Commercials without humans  Arcade games

34. January 23, 200333 CAD/CAM Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing CAD – Computer Aided Design  Software creates 2-D and 3-D designs CAM – Computer Aided Manufacturing  Controls production equipment CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing)  Bridge between design and manufacturing  CAD/CAM integrated into manufacturing process  Provides balanced, efficient production process

35. January 23, 200334 Ethics and Data Computer data can be  Used  Sold  Altered What is legal? What can you trust?

36. January 23, 200335