1. The Civil Rights Movement Goals & Achievements - Desegregation -

2. Review – Label each era with the correct dates. Slavery ( - ) U.S. Civil War ( - ) Jim Crow Era ( - ) Civil Rights Movement ( - )

3. Time Periods - Question: Which time period is also known as the “Segregation Era”? A.Slavery Era B.U.S. Civil War C.Jim Crow Era D.Civil Rights Movement

4. Time Periods - Question: Which era ended in the 1950s? A.Slavery Era B.U.S. Civil War C.Jim Crow Era D.Civil Rights Movement

5. Review – Label each era with the correct dates. Slavery (1500s - 1865) U.S. Civil War (1861 - 1865) Jim Crow Era (1865 – 1950s) Civil Rights Movement (mid 1950s – late 1960s)

6. Outline of Today’s Lecture I.Desegregation A.Transportation B.Education C.Other Public Places

7. 1955 - Montgomery, AL Rosa Parks was arrested for violating segregation law.

8. 1955 - Montgomery, AL Bus Boycott walking to workcarpooling

9. 1955 - Montgomery, AL - Bus Boycott "And we are not wrong. We are not wrong in what we are doing. If we are wrong, then the Supreme Court of this Nation is wrong. If we are wrong, the Constitution of the United States is wrong. If we are wrong, God Almighty is wrong. If we are wrong, justice is a lie." Martin Luther King - 1955

10. 1956 – Bus Desegregation Rosa Parks rides the bus after the Supreme Court decision.

11. ….. transportation segregation continues! BUT….6 years later……

12. 1961 - Freedom Rides - SNCC

13. 1961 - Freedom Rides State and Local Police tried to enforce local segregation laws. They threatened the riders.

14. 1961 - Freedom Rides 306 riders were arrested in Jackson, Mississippi for violating local segregation laws.

15. 1961 - Freedom Rides - SNCC

16. 1961 - Freedom Rides Many riders were beaten by the KKK.

17. 1961 - Freedom Rides In Alabama, a bus was firebombed.

18. 1961 - Freedom Rides – SUCCESS! 1.National Attention 2.1962 – Another Supreme Court Decision: All transportation facilities must desegregate!

19. School Desegregation

20. Regional School Segregation Laws = school segregation required by state law = school segregation allowed by state law = school segregation prohibited by state law = no legislation about school segregation

21. Review Question Which statement was true about Michigan schools during the Jim Crow Era? A.All public schools in MI were racially segregated by law. B.Public schools were racially integrated C.Public schools in MI were not legally segregated, but there was de facto racial segregation.

22. Review Question Which statement was true about Michigan schools in the 1950s? A.All public schools in MI were racially segregated by law. B.Public schools were racially integrated C.Public schools in MI were not legally segregated, but there was de facto racial segregation.

23. 1954 - Brown v. Board of Education SC decision: “Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.”

24. " Little Rock, 1959. Rally at state capitol” (J.T. Bledsoe) Resistance to School Desegregation LOOK: McCarthyism! ↓

25. Tension between federal and state governments ↓ Federal government had to enforce desegregation in the South. Let’s look at 2 famous examples...

26. 1957 – Little Rock Central High School “The Little Rock Nine”

27. 1957 – Little Rock Central High School The Governor ordered state soldiers to block the students from entering the school.

28. 1957 – Little Rock Central High School

29. The white mob was screaming, “Lynch her!”

30. A lynching (not related to Little Rock)

31. 1957 – Little Rock Central High School “I looked into the face of an old woman and it seemed a kind face, but when I looked at her again, she spat on me.”

32. 1957 - Little Rock Central High School U.S. Troops escort African American students from Central High School, Little Rock, Arkansas, October 1957.

33. 1957 - Little Rock Central High School The unhappy governor

34. 1963 – University of Alabama

35. George Wallace - Quotes "The President (JFK) wants us to surrender this state to Martin Luther King and his group of pro- Communists who have instituted these demonstrations.” “Segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever!

36. Federal Response President Kennedy sent federal troops to enforce integration and protect the students

37. 1968 Presidential Election

38. Desegregating Public Spaces “Sit-ins” 1960 – Greensboro, North Carolina

39. “Sit-ins” copied all over the South

40. “Sit-ins” were copied all over the South

41. “Sit-ins” gain attention

42. II. VOTING RIGHTS (Next lecture!)

43. REVIEW: When did all black Americans get the legal right to vote? A.1776 B.1865 C.1870 D.1964

44. Denial of Civil Rights Civil Rights = the rights of all U.S. citizens 1865 – Slavery abolished by 13 th Amendment. Former slaves became citizens.

45. Denial of Civil Rights: Voting 1870 – 15 th Amendment banned racial discrimination in voting. State Laws made it difficult for blacks to vote: – Poll taxes – Grandfather rules – Literacy tests

46. Homework: Label your timeline Review Lecture (Complete last page.) Highlight states Make notes about discussion questions Write a discussion question Any questions for the teacher?