1. Participles and Participial Phrases

2. WHAT IS A PARTICIPLE?  A participle is a VERB (action word) that is acting as an ADJECTIVE (descriptive word)

3. TWO TYPES OF PARTICIALS  PRESENT PARTICIPLES – THESE END IN “ING” (DANCING, PLAYING, WAITING)  PAST PARTICIPLES – GENERALLY END IN “ED” (DANCED, PLAYED, WAITED)

4. PARTICIPLES ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS  WHAT KIND?  WHICH ONE?

5. EXAMPLES OF PARTICIPLES  PRESENT  A whining sound came from the man’s horse.  Competing, each tribe tried to show off its riches.

6. EXAMPLES OF PARTICIPLES  PAST  The ground corn was used to make tortillas.  Disgusted, Len walked away without saying goodbye.

7. LETS PRACTICE!! – Are the following examples participles or verbs?  To the north of the Pueblo tribes lived scattered bands of people.  Participle (bands)  For clothes, they used scraps of skins from the hunted rabbits.  Participle (rabbits)  They were known as the Shoshone, and they inhabited the deserts of the West.  Tricked You!! VERB!

8. How to create a participial phrase  Participle + Adverb = Participial phrase Or  Participle + Adverb Phrase = Participial phrase  THE ENTIRE PHRASE ACTS AS AN ADJECTIVE!!!

9. EXAMPLES  Studying carefully, she learned much about Native American people.  Studying = present participial  Carefully = adverb modifying “studying”  Studying Carefully = modifying “she”

10. LETS PRACTICE!!!  Living in the Northwest, the Nootka and other tribes built their lives around fish and wood.  Living in the Northwest = participial phrase  Hollowed-out trees were turned into boats.  Hollowed-out = participial phrase  Fishing from these boats, the tribes brought in abundant amounts of salmon and halibut.  Fishing from these boats = participial phrase