1. Intro to Ecology

2. Ecology scientific study of the interactions between organisms and the environment interactions determine distribution of organisms and their abundance

3. Organisms and the Environment The environment of any organism includes: – Abiotic, or nonliving, components Temperature Water Sunlight Wind Rocks and soil – Biotic, or living, components Interactions with other species Predation Competition Environmental components affect the distribution and abundance of organisms

4. Subfields of Ecology Organismal ecology studies how an organism’s structure, physiology, and (for animals) behavior meet environmental challenges

5. Subfields of Ecology Population ecology focuses on factors affecting how many individuals of a species live in an area

6. Subfields of Ecology Community ecology deals with the whole array of interacting species in a community

7. Subfields of Ecology Ecosystem ecology emphasizes energy flow and chemical cycling among the various biotic and abiotic components

8. Subfields of Ecology Landscape ecology deals with arrays of ecosystems and how they are arranged in a geographic region

9. Climate Four major abiotic components of climate: temperature, water, sunlight, and wind Global climate patterns are determined largely by solar energy and the planet’s movement in space Sunlight intensity Oceans and their currents and large lakes Mountains

10. Biomes major ecological associations that occupy broad geographic regions of land or water – determined by combinations of abiotic and biotic factors

11. Aquatic Biomes Major aquatic biomes: – Lakes – Wetlands – Streams and rivers – Estuaries – Intertidal zones – Oceanic pelagic biome – Coral reefs – Marine benthic zone

22. Terrestrial Biomes Major terrestrial biomes: – Tropical forest – Desert – Savanna – Chaparral – Temperate grassland – Coniferous forest – Temperate broadleaf forest – Tundra

23. LE 50-19 Temperate grassland Tropic of Cancer 30°N Tropic of Capricorn 30°S Equator Tropical forest Desert Savanna Key Chaparral Coniferous forest Temperate broadleaf forest Tundra High mountains Polar ice