1. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 13 Oral Language and the Assessment of English Learners

2. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Purposes for Assessing Oral Language In early grades, monitored but not assessed Students with second languages Students with mild disabilities

3. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Skill Areas Expressive or receptive Phonology, morphology and syntax Semantics Pragmatics Assessment requires many types of instruments

4. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Current Practices Oral language not assessed by academic tests Intellectual performance tests often test language Most are designed for elementary age children Wide variety of oral language measures

5. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Comprehensive Measures of Oral Language Test of Language Development-3 (TOLD-3), Primary Test of Language Development-3 (TOLD-3), Intermediate Oral and Written Language Skills (OWLS) Test of Adolescent and Adult Languages- 4 (TOAL-4) Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities-3 (ITPA-3)

6. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Assessing Articulation Photo Articulation Test –Pictures to elicit all the consonant, vowel, and diphthong sounds Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation Informal observation and analysis of spontaneous speech

7. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Assessing Morphology and Syntax Northwestern Syntax Screening Test (NSST) Test for Auditory Comprehension of Language (3rd ed.) (TACL-3) Carrow Elicited Language Inventory (CELI) Mean length of utterance (MLU) Developmental Sentence Analysis Language Sampling, Analysis and Training (3rd ed.) (LSAT-3)

8. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Assessing Semantics and Pragmatics Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Fourth Edition (PPVT-IV) Expressive Vocabulary Test, Second Edition (EVT-2) Comprehensive Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Test (2nd ed.) (CREVT-2) Informal assessments

9. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Assessment of Language Use Informal assessments Let’s Talk Inventory for Children Test of Pragmatic Skills Test of Pragmatic Language (TOPL) Pragmatic Language Skills Inventory

10. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Assessing Students who Speak Dialects of U.S. English Standard English is one dialect Dialects are differences, not inferiorities Black English Spanish-speakers who learn English

11. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Assessment of Students who Speak Dialects of English Informal strategies –Collection of speech samples –Use of imitation tasks Formal assessments –Standard –Alternate fashion with credit for correct responses within dialect

12. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Assessing Students who are English Learners Two dimensions to be assessed: –Basic Interpersonal communication skills (BICS) –Cognitive/academic language proficiency (CALP) Home language is determined by interview or questionnaire Lack of appropriate measures in all languages

13. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Special Education Assessment for English Learners To be completed in primary language Pre-referral interventions should be tried first Assessed in both languages Interpreters in primary language or informal measures may be used

14. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Within the Classroom Communication skill of the teacher Number and types of oral responses of students Interpersonal environment Physical environment conducive to oral discussions and socialization

15. McLoughlin/Lewis, Assessing Students with Special Needs, 7e ISBN: 0-13-173273-0 © 2009 Pearson Education Inc. All rights reserved. Answering the Assessment Questions Measures vary in the languages they assess Different tasks are used to evaluate similar skills Learning aptitude and specific learning abilities affect oral language Oral language pervades all areas Document with formal and informal assessment measures