2. The Second President Chapter 9, Section 4

3. Conflict With France Describe John Adams. Describe John Adams. As soon as Adams becomes President he is faced with France rejecting Jay’s Treaty arguing that it favored the British. As soon as Adams becomes President he is faced with France rejecting Jay’s Treaty arguing that it favored the British. What happened in 1797? What happened in 1797? Once again Americans called for war. Once again Americans called for war. Adams sent diplomats to Paris to discuss the rights of neutral nations. Adams sent diplomats to Paris to discuss the rights of neutral nations.

4. Conflict With France French minister, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand did not want to meet with the Americans instead he sent three agents to offer Americans a deal. French minister, Charles Maurice de Talleyrand did not want to meet with the Americans instead he sent three agents to offer Americans a deal. Talleyrand stated that before he would even meet with the Americans they would have to pay $250,000 for himself and $10 million loan to France. Talleyrand stated that before he would even meet with the Americans they would have to pay $250,000 for himself and $10 million loan to France.

5. Conflict With France When Adams heard of the offer he told Congress but did not release the names of the French agents instead he referred to them as X, Y, and Z. Later, called the XYZ Affair. When Adams heard of the offer he told Congress but did not release the names of the French agents instead he referred to them as X, Y, and Z. Later, called the XYZ Affair. Needless to say Americans called for war but Adams refused. Needless to say Americans called for war but Adams refused. What could Adams not ignore? What could Adams not ignore? What did he create in response. What did he create in response. Define frigates. Define frigates.

6. The Federalist Party Splits Why did Hamilton criticize Adams? Why did Hamilton criticize Adams? What was the goal of his opponents? What was the goal of his opponents? Why did the Federalist party split? Why did the Federalist party split? Adams sent diplomats to France over the opposition of Hamilton. Upon their arrival in France they found a young military officer in charge, Napoleon Bonaparte. What was he planning? Did he sign the agreement? Adams sent diplomats to France over the opposition of Hamilton. Upon their arrival in France they found a young military officer in charge, Napoleon Bonaparte. What was he planning? Did he sign the agreement? Like Washington, Adams avoided was with but it cost him support of many Federalists and weakened the party in the election of 1800. Like Washington, Adams avoided was with but it cost him support of many Federalists and weakened the party in the election of 1800.

7. Alien and Sedition Acts In 1798, during the crisis with France, Federalists pushed several laws through Congress. One of these laws was the Alien and Sedition Acts. In 1798, during the crisis with France, Federalists pushed several laws through Congress. One of these laws was the Alien and Sedition Acts. Alien Act- the President could expel any alien thought to be dangerous to the country. Alien Act- the President could expel any alien thought to be dangerous to the country. Another law made it harder for immigrants to become citizens. Another law made it harder for immigrants to become citizens. During that era after how long could an immigrant become a citizen? During that era after how long could an immigrant become a citizen?

8. Alien and Sedition Acts The new law made immigrants wait 14 years before becoming a citizen. The new law made immigrants wait 14 years before becoming a citizen. Why did the Federalists pass this act? Why did the Federalists pass this act? Define sedition. Define sedition. Sedition Act- Citizens could be fined or jailed if they criticized the government or its officials. Sedition Act- Citizens could be fined or jailed if they criticized the government or its officials. Was anyone fined? Who? Was anyone fined? Who? Do you think the Sedition Act violated any Constitutional rights? Do you think the Sedition Act violated any Constitutional rights?

9. The Rights of States Who was a strong opponent of the Alien and Sedition Acts? Who was a strong opponent of the Alien and Sedition Acts? Why could he not do anything? Why could he not do anything? What did Jefferson urge? What did Jefferson urge? Define nullify. Define nullify. In 1798 and 1799 Kentucky and Virginia passed resolutions backed by Jefferson and Madison that claimed that each state had “an equal right to judge for itself” whether a law is constitutional. In 1798 and 1799 Kentucky and Virginia passed resolutions backed by Jefferson and Madison that claimed that each state had “an equal right to judge for itself” whether a law is constitutional.

10. The Rights of States If a state decides a law is unconstitutional it had the power to nullify the laws within its borders. If a state decides a law is unconstitutional it had the power to nullify the laws within its borders. What issue did the Alien and Sedition Acts raise? What issue did the Alien and Sedition Acts raise?

11. Election of 1800 As the elections neared the Republicans focused on two issues: As the elections neared the Republicans focused on two issues: 1 st they attacked the Federalists for raising taxes to prepare for war. 1 st they attacked the Federalists for raising taxes to prepare for war. 2 nd they opposed the unpopular Alien and Sedition Acts. 2 nd they opposed the unpopular Alien and Sedition Acts. Republicans backed Thomas Jefferson for President and Aaron Burr for Vice President. Republicans backed Thomas Jefferson for President and Aaron Burr for Vice President. Federalists backed John Adams. Federalists backed John Adams.

12. ADAMSBURR JEFFERSON ADAMS & JEFFERSON ATTACK EACH OTHER DURING THE CAMPAIN PINKNEY FEDERALIST REPUBLICAN FEDERALIST JAY FED

13. Election of 1800 Deadlock The Republicans won the popular, BUT when the electoral votes were counted Jefferson and Burr each had 73 votes. The Republicans won the popular, BUT when the electoral votes were counted Jefferson and Burr each had 73 votes. Problem was that the electoral college voted separately for President and Vice President. Problem was that the electoral college voted separately for President and Vice President. Under the Constitution, if no candidate wins the electoral college the House of Representatives decides the election. Under the Constitution, if no candidate wins the electoral college the House of Representatives decides the election. The House voted 36 votes for Jefferson as President and Burr as Vice President. The House voted 36 votes for Jefferson as President and Burr as Vice President.

14. ELECTION ENDS IN A TIE!

15. Election of 1800 Deadlock Soon after this fiasco the 12 th amendment was passed. Soon after this fiasco the 12 th amendment was passed. See page 239. See page 239. The Federalist Era Ends After the election the Federalist party slowly lost power and seats in Congress. After the election the Federalist party slowly lost power and seats in Congress. Then in 1804 the Federalist leader Alexander Hamilton was killed in a duel by Aaron Burr. Then in 1804 the Federalist leader Alexander Hamilton was killed in a duel by Aaron Burr.