1. 1 International Workshop on Micropiles May 29 - 31, 2002 Venice, Italy Full Scale Field Tests on Single Micropiles and Groups/Networks of Titan Micropiles and Future Initiatives Dr. Donald A. Bruce – Geosystems, L.P. Gary M. Weinstein – Polytechnic University

2. 2 - Full scale field tests funded by U.S. Military, installed and tested by Structural Preservation Systems (SPS) in Baltimore, MD, and designed and analyzed by Geosystems, L.P. - Bulk of tests used a total of 100 + “self- drilling” Titan Ischebeck micropiles, installed and tested in three discrete phases: > Phase I: Sept. 1999 - Feb. 2000 > Phase II: August 2001 > Phase III: September 2001 SUMMARY

3. 3 Overall Program Goals Environment - Rock - Soil (Gravel, Sand, Silt, Clay) - Frozen Ground Loads - Concrete and Asphalt- Axial, Shear, Torsion (Static/Dynamic) MaterialsEquipment - One “Anchor”- One “Tool” - Grout- Self Contained Power InstallationLogistics - One “Process”- Lightweight (threshold) - Clean- Packaging (threshold) - User Friendly- Economically Feasible - Time- Inventory/Field Reduction Solution: TITAN Injection Anchor UNIQUE

4. 4 Phase I: - Lateral and tensile testing of groups/networks. Tensile testing only of vertical elements. Phase II: - “Specialized” testing of groups/networks. Tensile testing only of vertical elements utilizing both cement and solution grouts. Phase III: - “Specialized” and Lateral testing of groups/networks utilizing both cement and solution grouts. Program Test Objectives

5. 5 As-built pile group layout.

6. 6 Plan view of various test elements (Phase I).

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10. 10 Future Work Cyclic Lateral Loading of Micropile Groups/Networks (Theory & Field) Purpose? Design Standards and Specifications Who Benefits? –Private Industry (Contractors, Engineers, Consultants) –Federal/State Gov’t (FHWA, State DOTs, etc.) –Academia (the cycle continues...) What Benefits? –Transportation Projects (Highways, Bridges.. ) –All Deep Foundation projects (new/retrofit/etc.) –Industry in General

11. 11 Future Work (cont..) How Do We Get There? Practical and Applied Research that... -is Conducted in an Environment of Sharing & Cooperation -incorporates Lessons Previously Learned -is of Benefit to All Applied Research IWMAcademiaADSCDOTFHWA

12. 12 Future Work (cont..) With this Synthesis of Applied & Theoretical Research FHWA: Further Study of Micropile Network Experiments 1.Review recently conducted full-scale experiments 2.Interpret... Future Research Needs 3.Summarize similar experiments  Future Research Needs Academic Research: Lateral Loading of Micropile Networks –Rigorous Cycled Tests –Instrumentation & Monitoring –Lab & Field Testing of Soils, FEA? Analyze, Predict, and Conclude FULL CIRCLE

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