1. Chapter 14: Managing Technology Resources

2. The Technology Assets n Data n The physical infrastructure n The applications portfolio

3. The Data Resource n Data are now recognized as a major organizational resource, to be managed like other assets, such as facilities, labor, and capital. n A key element in the effective management of data is an overall map for business data -- a data model.

4. Key Concepts in Managing Data n The permanence of data n The data pyramid -- transaction data funneling into operational, managerial, and strategic databases n Information processing and application independence n The data to information cycle -- capture applications, transfer applications, analysis and presentation applications

5. Key Concepts in Managing Data (continued) n Disposable systems n Capturing data once n Data standards, including: identifiers naming definition integrity rules usage rights

6. The Data Management Process n Plan n Source n Acquire and maintain n Define/describe and inventory n Organize and make accessible n Quality control and integrity n Protect and secure n Account for use n Recover/restore and upgrade n Determine retention and dispose n Train and consult for effective use

7. Data Management Policies n Data ownership policies, including a corporate information policy n Data administration policies, often including an organizational unit called data administration to lead the efforts in data management

8. Roles in Data Administration n Database administrator (or DBA) - person responsible for the management of computerized databases n Data steward - a user-manager who, in addition to his/her normal duties, is responsible for and held accountable for the quality and viability of a particular data subject area

9. Tools for Managing Data n Data modeling: n enterprise modeling approach involves describing the organization and its data requirements at a very high level - the result is a corporate data model n view integration approach starts with reports, computer screens, forms, and documents and combines them into a comprehensive description

10. Tools for Managing Data (cont.) n Database management systems (DBMSs) n Data dictionary/directory (DD/D)

11. The Physical Infrastructure - Management Issues n 1.Location n 2.The workstation n 3.Supported operating systems n 4.Redundancy n 5.Supported communications protocols

12. The Physical Infrastructure - Management Issues (continued) n 6.Bandwidth n 7.Response time on the network n 8.Security versus ease of access n 9.Breadth of network access n 10.Access to external data services

13. The Applications Portfolio - Must be Managed as an Asset n Management issues include: n Who is the assumed user? n Where should applications be located? n Should applications development be process-driven or data-driven? n What should the requirements be for justifying new systems?

14. The Role of the User-Manager n Make your position clear on critical infrastructure management issues. n Take an active role in data stewardship. n Take responsibility for operating in line with the organization’s policies on information resources. n Be active in demanding quality asset management by the IS organization.