1.  By: Mandy Olson, Brian McCandless and Manuel Stoeckl  December 2011, Pre-AP World History

2.  Who: Confucius (Kong Fu Zi)  When: 6 th –5 th century B.C.E.  Where: Northwest China

3.  Philosophy, not religion  Natural order to society  Teaches moral conduct, relationships, loyalty

4.  5 Principles ◦ Benevolence ◦ Righteousness ◦ Propriety ◦ Wisdom ◦ Trust  5 Relationships ◦ Ruler to subject ◦ Father to son ◦ Husband to wife ◦ Older to younger brother ◦ Friend to friend

5.  Filial Piety ◦ One should respect elders  Jen ◦ Demonstrate human kindness  Li ◦ Proper etiquette and perfect virtue 5

6.  Confucius/ Kong Fu Zi (551- 479 BCE) ◦ Main founder ◦ Advised rulers ◦ Gathered followers and taught in Lu  Mencius (372 – 289 BCE) ◦ Spread ideas ◦ Interpreted Confucius’s teachings ◦ Added that all humans share innate goodness

7.  The Four Books ◦ Analects  Dialogue between Confucius and followers ◦ Doctrine of Mean  Elaborates on central ideas ◦ Great Learning  Teaches virtue and goodness ◦ Book of Mencius  Dialogue between Mencius and followers

8.  The Five Classics ◦ Book of Songs  Poems and songs ◦ The Classic of History  Documents and speeches ◦ The Classic of Rites  Description of ceremonies ◦ The Book of Changes  Divination system ◦ The Spring and Autumn Annals  Historical record of Lu 8

9.  No specific symbol  source of life in Chinese philosophy  harmony in life and relationships  yin-yang: balance between opposing forces

10.  No specific practices ◦ Filled by practices of other religions  Considered social rules to be rituals ◦ Common courtesies, accepted standards of behavior

11.  Subordinate to men  Uncomplaining obedience to husband  Not allowed to remarry  Have to follow others  Main rule is to produce a son

12.  Eastern philosophy  Impacted East Asia: Japan, Korea, Vietnam  6 million practice Confucianism alone  350 million practice Confucianism along with another religion

13.  Shapes the political and personal life of East Asia  Social standard for Chinese Society  Provides personal morals  Scholars provided advice to Emperors

14. 14 551 B.C.E. ~Confucius is born 522 B.C.E. ~Starts his own school 484 B.C.E. ~Confucius begins focusing on his teachings 479 B.C.E. ~Confucius dies

15. 15 372 - 289 B.C.E. ~Mencius is born and spreads ideas 221 - 206 B.C.E. ~Destruction of philosophy 206 - 220 B.C.E ~Civil Service Examination includes Confucianism 500 C.E. ~Introduced to Japan

16.  Bulliet, Richard W., et al. The Earth and Its Peoples. 4th ed. N.p.: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2008. Print.  “Confucianism.” Imperial Tours. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Dec. 2011..  “Confucianism.” ReligionFacts. N.p., 2010. Web. 7 Dec. 2011..  “Confucianism.” TravelChinaGuide.com. N.p., 2011. Web. 7 Dec. 2011..  “The Four Books and Five Classics.” Cultural China. N.p., 2010. Web. 7 Dec. 2011..  Oxtoby, Willard G. World Religions, Eastern Traditions. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print.  Robinson, B. A. “Confucianism.” Religious Tolerance. N.p., 2009. Web. 7 Dec. 2011..  “Timeline of Confucianism in China, Korea, and Japan.” Timeline Events Handout. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Dec. 2011..  Sen, Suchismita. "Confucian Ideas." World Religions. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Dec. 2011..  The Great Learning. N.p., 2009. Web. 7 Dec. 2011..  "The Four Books and The Five Classics." China Info Online. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Dec. 2011.