1. The Columbian Exchange

2. What's Wrong With This Video?
Is this the Truth?

3. The Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria
In 1492, Christopher Columbus began a journey across the ocean with three ships:
The Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria

4. He had landed in present day Cuba and explored the Caribbean!
Is it fair to judge Columbus for not knowing exactly where he was in 1492? Explain.
Columbus' voyages across the Atlantic Ocean led to European effort at exploration and colonization of the Americas. While history places great significance on his first voyage of 1492, he did not actually reach the mainland until his third voyage in 1498.

5. Effects Of Columbus on the Natives
Haiti’s pre-Columbian population range as high as 8,000,000
By 1542, only 200 were left. By 1555, the Arawaks were gone.
As Native populations died out, Europeans supplemented slave labor with African slaves, beginning the Transatlantic slave trade.
Source: “Lies My Teacher Told Me”, by James Loewen

6. Identify the effects of the Columbian Exchange

7. “The Columbian Exchange”
In 1972, the historian Alfred W. Crosby, Jr., proposed that Christopher Columbus's voyages to the New World produced even greater consequences biologically than they did culturally.
The Columbian Exchange is the term Crosby coined to describe the worldwide trading of plants, animals, and diseases that happened because of the interaction between American Indians and Europeans
This process had a strong impact on both societies.
Encourage students to infer:
What specific things may Europeans such as Columbus have brought with them to the New World?
Why specific things may Europeans have taken back to Europe/the Old World?

8. Columbian Exchange

9. The Columbian Exchange
Old World (Europe) to New World (Americas)
New World (Americas) to
Old World (Europe)
Diseases
Smallpox, Measles, Chicken Pox, Malaria, Yellow Fever,
Common Cold, Influenza
Corn (Maize), Potatoes (White & Sweet Varieties), Beans (Snap, Kidney, & Lima Varieties), Tobacco, Peanuts, Squash, Peppers, Tomatoes, Pumpkins Pineapples, Cacao (Source of Chocolate), Chicle (Source of Chewing Gum), Papayas, Manioc (Tapioca), Guavas, Avocados
Plants
Rice, Wheat, Barley, Oats, Coffee, Sugarcane, Bananas, Melons, Olives, Dandelions Daisies, Clover, Ragweed, Kentucky Bluegrass
Animals
Llamas Alpacas Guinea Pigs
Horses, Cattle, Pigs, Sheep, Goats, Chickens

10. Columbian Exchange

11. What was the Effect of the Columbian Exchange?
Introduced to new animals and food for both worlds
The diseases the Europeans brought with them killed up to 90% of the Native Americans in the New World.

12. The Native Americans living in America were able to take advantage of their newly acquired horses to hunt bison.

13. The Columbian Exchange led to the birth of the Florida oranges, Texas cattle, and Hawaiian pineapples.

14. The potato continues to be one of the major sources of food calories in the world.
Potatoes came from the Americas to Europe

15. The early Spanish conquistadors brought gunpowder to the Americas.

16. The conquistadors brought the Catholic church and priests with them and established missions such as St. Augustine, San Diego and San Antonio.

17. The Spanish also brought African slaves to work on sugar plantations.

18. Tobacco was brought from the New World to the Old World.

19. Columbian Exchange
Pros
Cons