1. 9.3 Pest Control Look, Earl! No more pests!

2. Pests damage crops Stats: –NA – 10% crop damage –Kenya – 75% crop damage –World wide – 1/3

3. Pest – any org that occurs where you don’t want it or in large enough numbers to cause damage. cotton stainer - minor pest of cotton in the southern Florida

4. Adult armyworm larva of the armyworm, Pseudaletia unipuncta barley, corn, millet, oats, rice, rye, sorghum, sugarcane, timothy, and wheat may be consumed, as well as wild or weed grasses.

6. Why problem for crops? B/c easy to find & damage

7. Pesticides – substance that kills pests Ex: Aldrin, DDT, Lindane, Malathion, Carbaryl Insecticides – kill insects

8. Drawbacks of Pesticides Health concerns –Cancer –Chemical leaks Carlitos, child of farmworkers, born with birth defects attributable to pesticides (PBP). Source: Sarasota/Manat ee Farmworker Supporters Sarasota/Manat ee Farmworker Supporters

9. A train derailment near Milligan, Florida. The train carried chemicals, which were spilled at the site. (©Bettmann/Corbis. Reproduced by permission.)

11. Pollution & Persistence –Persistent pesticides – don’t break down fast into harmless chem – accumulate in soil & H2O DDT – 1940s to kill mosq. & lice (malaria & typhus) Water – fish – birds – thin shells Penguins, pelicans, peregrines, eagles Banned In US, 60 diff pesticides found in ground water

14. Penguins, pelicans, peregrines, eagles

15. Resistance ability to tolerate a particular chemical. It evolves through natural selection 500 species have developed res. Since 1940s

16. Biological Pest Control – using living orgs or naturally produced chem. to control pests. resistance takes longer to evolve usually don’t harm orgs other than pests Predators & Pathogens –pathogen – org that causes disease. These are sometimes used against pests. Ex: Bacillus thuringensis – bacteria that kills insect larvae

17. A range of products to keep unwanted visitors out of your garden and buildings.

18. Predators & Pathogens Pathogen – org that causes disease. These are sometimes used against pests. Ex: Bacillus thuringensis – bacteria that kills insect larvae

19. Chemicals from plants Extracts from plants used against pests Ex: chrysanthemum

20. Disrupting Insect Breeding Pheromones – chemicals produced by one org that affect the behavior of another. Farmers spray to interfere w/ mating Reduce numbers better than pesticides Expensive to make so not widely used Treat males w/ x-rays – can’t reproduce