1. Bellwork Work on the Study Guide

2. Weather Factor Practice Test

3. Weather Factor: Practice Test 1.The part of the Earth system that contains all of Earth’s water is called the a.atmosphere.c.hydrosphere. b.geosphere.d.biosphere.

4. Weather Factor: Practice Test 2. The total energy of motion in the particles of a substance is called a.radiation.c.thermal energy. b.absorbed energy.d.temperature.

5. Weather Factor: Practice Test 3. Heat transfer between two substances that are in direct contact is called a.conduction.c.convection. b.thermal energy.d.radiation.

6. Weather Factor: Practice Test 4. Water vapor enters the atmosphere by what process? a.evaporation c.precipitation b.condensation d.humidity

7. Weather Factor: Practice Test 5. The climate zones lying between 23.5° and 66.5° north and south latitude are called the a.temperate zones.c.tropical zones. b.polar zones.d.subtropical zones.

8. Weather Factor: Practice Test 6. Air has pressure because a.the stratosphere is thick.c.wind moves the air. b.air has mass.d.temperature warms the air

9. Weather Factor: Practice Test 7. An aneroid barometer is different from a mercury barometer in that it a.measures temperature. b.uses alcohol instead of mercury. c.does not contain a liquid. d.is sensitive to air pressure changes.

10. Weather Factor: Practice Test 8. As you rise upwards in the atmosphere, air pressure a.increases.c.doesn’t change. b.decreases.d.first increases, then decreases.

11. Weather Factor: Practice Test 9. Cool air tends to a.be less dense and flow over warm air. b.be lifted up by more dense warm air. c.be more dense and flow under warm air. d.mix easily with warm air masses.

12. Weather Factor: Practice Test 10. Local winds differ from global winds because they a.are caused by unequal heating within a small area. b.are caused by differences in cloud cover. c.are due to unequal rainfall. d.are not influenced by air masses.

13. Weather Factor: Practice Test 11. An instrument called a(n)__________________ is used to measure how hot or cold the air is. 12. The ____________________ of a substance can be calculated by dividing its mass by its volume. 13. Uneven heating of the atmosphere leads to differences in ____________________, which causes wind. 14. The ____________________, or elevation, of a mountaintop is its distance above sea level. 15. On a mountaintop, a person becomes out of breath quickly because fewer ____________________ molecules are present per cubic meter of air. thermometer oxygen altitude air pressure density

14. Weather Factor: Practice Test ____________16. On the Celsius scale, the freezing point of pure water is 0°. ____________17. As air pressure increases, the column of mercury in a barometer rises. ____________18. Oceans make the temperatures of nearby land more extreme. ____________19. Most precipitation falls on the oceans. ____________20. The increased cooling that a wind can cause is called the sea breeze factor. True False/less True False/windchill

15. Weather Factor: Practice Test 21. What are the three temperature zones on the map? Tropical Temperate Polar

16. Weather Factor: Practice Test 22. Define relative humidity and explain how it is measured. Relative humidity is the percentage of water vapor in the air compared to the maximum amount the air can hold at a given temperature. A psychrometer, which consists of a dry-bulb thermometer and a wet- bulb thermometer, is used to measure relative humidity.

17. Weather Factor: Practice Test 23. Prevailing winds blow from the Pacific Ocean toward two cities separated by mountains. City A is on the leeward side of the mountains and city B is on the windward side. Which city is likely to have a wetter climate? Explain your answer. City B will have a wetter climate. On the windward side of mountains at city B, air is forced to rise as it moves over the mountains. Moist, rising air condenses and forms clouds. Rain or snow falls on the windward side. By the time the air reaches the leeward side, it is cool and dry, creating a rain shadow at city A.

18. Weather Factor: Practice Test 24. In diagram Y, which warms up more slowly, the land or the water? Water 25. In diagram X, which way does the wind blow? Why? Air flows from the land to the water in a land breeze. At night, the land cools more quickly than the water, so the air over the land becomes cooler than the air over the water. As the warmer air over the water rises, cooler air moves in from the land to take its place. 26. In diagram Y, which way does the wind blow? Why? Air flows from the water to the land in a sea breeze. During the day, the sun warms the land faster than it warms the water, so the air over the land becomes warmer than the air over the water. As the warmer air over the land rises, cooler air moves in from the water to take its place.

19. Weather Factor: Practice Test 27. Contrast the three ways in which heat is transferred. Radiation is the direct transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. Conduction is the direct transfer of heat between substances that are touching. Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid.

20. Weather Factor: Practice Test 28. You plan to hike to the top of Mount Shasta, where you will measure the air pressure. Which type of barometer will be more practical to take? Explain your answer. An aneroid barometer would be more practical. Because an aneroid barometer does not have an open container of liquid mercury, it is more portable for a hiking trip.