1. Cultural Achievements of the Middle Ages Chapter 10, Section 3

2. Rise of Universities  Means “corporation” or guild, from the Latin word universitas  First university appeared in Bologna, Italy. –Established by Kings because… –Students: Men, administrators for Kings to learn about their jobs

3. What did they Study!?  Liberal Arts Curriculum –Covered Grammar, Rhetoric (writings), Logic, Arithmatic, Geometry, Music and Astronomy  No Electives offered –Didn’t use Textbooks! Why???????  Learned by Lectures… just like this one!  Where did they study? –Early Universities didn’t have campuses  Churches or homes… University not a place rather a group of people

4. Oxford University, England: UK

6. How did it work?  No Exams were ever given! –Oral Exams were given before graduation –A committee of teachers offer a review –Took around 6 years of education!  Could Stay or Go… –Law, Medicine or Theology  (The study of God)  Could take up to 10 years!

7. Who are these Students?!  People who continued Education went to be: –Teachers, Administrators, Lawyers and Medical Doctors  Began Education 14 – 15 years old  Classes Started usually at 5:00 am and could last all day!

8. Scholasticism  A new system combined Theology and Reason –How? By combining Greek Philosophy and Christian Teachings  Most well known: Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinas  Vernacular Literature: –Latin was Universal Language – everyone spoke it!  By 1300 Literature was written in Vernacular – the Language of everyday speech in a particular region