1. Chapter 4, Lesson 1 EQ: How do social hierarchies develop?

2. Home Learning: Define Vocabulary, Chapter 4, Lesson 1 Feudalism vassal Fief Knight feudal contract chivalry

3. The End of the Carolingian Empire Carolingian Empire slowly falls after the death of Charlemagne His empire is divided into three part (West, Middle, and Eastern Kingdom)—his grandsons fight for control of the regions. West is invaded by the Vikings from Norway, Denmark, and Sweden (Scandinavia).

6. http://www.history.com/topics/exploration/vikings-history/videos/bet-you-didnt- know-vikings Scandinavian adventurers and “barbarians” They searched for spoils of war and adventure  invaded many areas of Europe. Sacked villages and towns, destroyed churches, and defeated small armies

7. Activity: The Vikings Read The End of the Carolingian Empire (pg.64) Answer the following Progress Check Question What factors helped the Vikings invade Europe successfully?

8. Feudalism Begins Decline of Carolingian Empire led to breakdown central government. People lose trust in their rulers  turn to local landed aristocrats (lords or nobles) for protection because the rulers could no longer protect them. Feudalism: A new political and social system that exchanged work for land and protection. Inside medieval life video

9. Feudal Society Nobles (lords) gained power by providing protection and land in return for service. New social and political order of feudalism arose. o Lords exerted control over large territories. o Land was offered in exchange for sworn allegiance and other obligations (fighting) o Vassals and knights provided military service to their lords The lords (nobles) would then take care of their knights/vassals by paying them with land.

10. Knights: A type of Vassal  they would fight on horseback in the cavalry. They were awarded lands (fief) for their fighting. The relationships between lord and vassal were brought together by a feudal contract

11. Structure of Feudal Society Local lords were the political, social, and economic authorities—not a king. Multiple landholders maintained order instead of a single government As a result who ever owned more land and had more wealth ruled over more people

12. Activity: Graphic Organizer Read page 65-66: “The Development of Feudalism.” 1. Graphic Organizer: Complete the following organizer: Identify four characteristics of Feudalism 2. Answer Question: What held European society together after the fall of the Carolingian Empire? Feudalism

13. 1. Draw a feudal pyramid like the one you see above. 2. In white the spaces explain what each group provided to the next group with (e.g., what did the higher group give the lower group?) 3. In the yellow spaces explain the service that each group provided (e.g., what service did the lower group give the higher group?) 4. Use the vocabulary words in he explanations: feudalism, fief, vassal, knight, feudal contract, chivalry 3. Pyramid Diagram (Groups)

14. The Nobility in the Middle Ages European feudal society was dominated by men whose main concern was warfare. Nobles (aristocracy): knights, dukes, counts, barons, and even bishops. However, there were still social divisions among the following— based on land holding and extreme wealth

15. Knights: The Code of Chivalry In the 11 th and 12 th centuries, the idea of chivalry developed. It began in literature as poets/writers spread romantic tales of noble, usually fictitious, knights. These stories developed into a set of rules and behaviors that knights were called on to follow. – The ideal heroic knight was influenced by courtesy, fairness, piety, and devotion to an honorable idea.