1. Current Leading Causes of Species Extinction

2. Holocene Extinction Event ???

3. Holocene Extinction Event 6th mass extinction Some natural causes such as deglaciation, natural climatic shifts, natural rate of extinction Main cause is….

4. Holocene Extinction Event 6th mass extinction Some natural causes such as deglaciation, natural climatic shifts, natural rate of extinction Main cause is humans. HOW?

5. Invasive (introduced) Species

6. Due to their lack of natural predators and the fact that native species are not adapted to their competition, invasive species are often very successful

7. Invasive (introduced) Species

8. Housecats??? 84 million in U.S. New data suggests they kill 2.9 billion birds and 12.5 billion mammals per year http://theoatmeal.co m/comics/cats_actu ally_kill

9. Habitat Destruction 85% of old growth forest in U.S. is gone. (some 2nd growth, some other uses)

10. Habitat Fragmentation Breaking large ecosystems into smaller ones can lead to extinction. Smaller islands of habitats can lead to: Loss of genetic diversity (inbreeding) Inadequate food supplies for large animals

11. Overexploitation

12. Pollution? Not a major driver of extinction on land Main pollution problem in water is eutrophication – too many nutrients running into ocean (mainly from agricultural run-off) Overloaded nutrients cause algae blooms, which cause dead zones in the water due to oxygen deprivation

13. Guns + Animals = Good??? In U.S., money from every hunting license goes to buy wetlands -> Habitat Preservation Over $500 million annually, leading to hundreds of thousands of acres of habitat protected in past few decades In Africa, most funds for wildlife protection comes from hunting fees

14. So, how are we doing? Since 1972, we’ve de- listed (saved) 28 species (25 additional species have been down-listed from endangered to threatened Currently have 1,162 species on the Endangered Species List in U.S.