2. Point to Point Protocol Open Standard Protocol (works with same and different company Routers i.e. Cisco– Nortel, Cisco–Multicom. Supports Authentication Supports Compression High level Data link Control Vendor proprietary Protocol (works with same company Router only, i.e. Cisco-Cisco, Nortel-Nortel, etc.) No Support for Authentication No Support for Compression PPPHDLC Wan Encapsulation

3. Data Communication Equipment Generate clocking (i.e. Speed). Master Example of DCE device in Leased line setup : V.35 & G.703 Modem & Exchange (Modem & MUX) Example of DCE device in Dial up setup : Dialup Modem Data Termination Equipment Accept clocking (i.e. Speed). Slave Example of DTE device in Leased line setup : Router Example of DTE device in Dial up setup : Computer DCEDTE Device Classification

4. EXCHANGE E0 192.168.1.1 LAN - 192.168.1.0/24 Hyderabad OFFICE E0 192.168.2.1 LAN – 192.168.2.0/24 Chennai MUX 2 pair of Copper Wire G.703 Modem G.703 Modem Hyderabad MUX Chennai OFFICE Fiber Optic Cable V.35 Cable V.35 Cable V.35 Modem

5. A Back to Back Cable is used which emulates the copper wire, modems and MUX, the complete exchange setup. Without DCE & DTE device communication is not possible. Lab Setup S0 S1 Wan Representation HYD CHE

6. V.35 Back to Back Cable DTE DCE

7. V.35 Smart Serial DTE & DCE Cable

8. V.35 DCE Cable

9. S1 17.0.0.2/8

10. LAN 192.168.1.0/24 LAN 192.168.2.0/24 Wan Interface Configuration 10.0.0.1/8 S0 10.0.0.2/8 S1 E0 192.168.1.1/24 E0 192.168.2.1/24 HYD CHE

13. ================================ Welcome to HYDERABAD Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** **** enable show controllers S 0 hyderabad> password : Hyderabad# Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> Connecting..... HD unit 0, idb = 0xB7574, driver structure at 0xBC2F8 buffer size 1524 HD unit 0, V.35 DCE cable cpb = 0x1, eda = 0x4940, cda = 0x4800 RX ring with 16 entries at 0x4014800 00 bd_ptr=0x4800 pak=0x0BE054 ds=0x401B6A8 status=80 pak_size=0 01 bd_ptr=0x4814 pak=0x0BED04 ds=0x401E5B0 status=80 pak_size=0 02 bd_ptr=0x4828 pak=0x0BE224 ds=0x401BD60 status=80 pak_size=0 03 bd_ptr=0x483C pak=0x0BEED4 ds=0x401EC68 status=80 pak_size=0 --More-- telnet 192.168.1.1

14. 04 bd_ptr=0x4850 pak=0x0BEB34 ds=0x401DEF8 status=80 pak_size=0 05 bd_ptr=0x4864 pak=0x0BF0A4 ds=0x401F320 status=80 pak_size=0 06 bd_ptr=0x4878 pak=0x0BDE84 ds=0x401AFF0 status=80 pak_size=0 07 bd_ptr=0x488C pak=0x0BE794 ds=0x401D188 status=80 pak_size=0 08 bd_ptr=0x48A0 pak=0x0BDCB4 ds=0x401A938 status=80 pak_size=0 09 bd_ptr=0x48B4 pak=0x0BE964 ds=0x401D840 status=80 pak_size=0 10 bd_ptr=0x48C8 pak=0x0BE3F4 ds=0x401C418 status=80 pak_size=0 11 bd_ptr=0x48DC pak=0x0BDAE4 ds=0x401A280 status=80 pak_size=0 12 bd_ptr=0x48F0 pak=0x0BD914 ds=0x4019BC8 status=80 pak_size=0 13 bd_ptr=0x4904 pak=0x0BD744 ds=0x4019510 status=80 pak_size=0 14 bd_ptr=0x4918 pak=0x0BD574 ds=0x4018E58 status=80 pak_size=0 15 bd_ptr=0x492C pak=0x0BD3A4 ds=0x40187A0 status=80 pak_size=0 16 bd_ptr=0x4940 pak=0x0BD1D4 ds=0x40180E8 status=80 pak_size=0 cpb = 0x1, eda = 0x5014, cda = 0x5014 TX ring with 2 entries at 0x4015000 00 bd_ptr=0x5000 pak=0x000000 ds=0x4031838 status=80 pak_size=22 01 bd_ptr=0x5014 pak=0x000000 ds=0x000000 status=80 pak_size=0 02 bd_ptr=0x5028 pak=0x000000 ds=0x000000 status=80 pak_size=0 0 missed datagrams, 0 overruns 0 bad datagram encapsulations, 0 memory errors 0 transmitter underruns 0 residual bit errors Hyderabad#

15. ================================ Welcome to Chennai Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** **** enable show controllers S 1 Chennai> password : Chennai# Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> Connecting..... HD unit 0, idb = 0xB7574, driver structure at 0xBC2F8 buffer size 1524 HD unit 0, V.35 DTE cable cpb = 0xE1, eda = 0x4814, cda = 0x4828 RX ring with 16 entries at 0xE14800 00 bd_ptr=0x4800 pak=0x0BEB34 ds=0xE1DEF8 status=80 pak_size=13 01 bd_ptr=0x4814 pak=0x0BF0A4 ds=0xE1F320 status=80 pak_size=13 02 bd_ptr=0x4828 pak=0x0BED04 ds=0xE1E5B0 status=80 pak_size=0 03 bd_ptr=0x483C pak=0x0BE964 ds=0xE1D840 status=80 pak_size=0 --More-- telnet 192.168.2.1

16. 04 bd_ptr=0x4850 pak=0x0BE794 ds=0xE1D188 status=80 pak_size=0 05 bd_ptr=0x4864 pak=0x0BE5C4 ds=0xE1CAD0 status=80 pak_size=0 06 bd_ptr=0x4878 pak=0x0BE3F4 ds=0xE1C418 status=80 pak_size=0 07 bd_ptr=0x488C pak=0x0BE224 ds=0xE1BD60 status=80 pak_size=0 08 bd_ptr=0x48A0 pak=0x0BE054 ds=0xE1B6A8 status=80 pak_size=0 09 bd_ptr=0x48B4 pak=0x0BDE84 ds=0xE1AFF0 status=80 pak_size=0 10 bd_ptr=0x48C8 pak=0x0BDCB4 ds=0xE1A938 status=80 pak_size=0 11 bd_ptr=0x48DC pak=0x0BDAE4 ds=0xE1A280 status=80 pak_size=0 12 bd_ptr=0x48F0 pak=0x0BD914 ds=0xE19BC8 status=80 pak_size=0 13 bd_ptr=0x4904 pak=0x0BD744 ds=0xE19510 status=80 pak_size=0 14 bd_ptr=0x4918 pak=0x0BD574 ds=0xE18E58 status=80 pak_size=0 15 bd_ptr=0x492C pak=0x0BD3A4 ds=0xE187A0 status=80 pak_size=0 16 bd_ptr=0x4940 pak=0x0BD1D4 ds=0xE180E8 status=80 pak_size=0 cpb = 0xE1, eda = 0x5028, cda = 0x5028 TX ring with 2 entries at 0xE15000 00 bd_ptr=0x5000 pak=0x000000 ds=0xE31964 status=80 pak_size=13 01 bd_ptr=0x5014 pak=0x000000 ds=0xE31964 status=80 pak_size=13 02 bd_ptr=0x5028 pak=0x000000 ds=0x000000 status=80 pak_size=0 0 missed datagrams, 0 overruns 0 bad datagram encapsulations, 0 memory errors 0 transmitter underruns 0 residual bit errors Chennai#

17. telnet 192.168.1.1 ================================ Welcome to Hyderabad Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** **** enable configure terminal interface serial 0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 no shutdown clockrate 64000 encapsulation hdlc Hyderabad> password : Hyderabad# Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Hyderabad(config)# Hyderabad(config-if)# Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> Connecting..... Configuring Serial interface Router(config)#interface serial Router(config-if)#ip address Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#clockrate Router(config-if)#encapsulation {ppp|hdlc} Configuring Serial interface Router(config)#interface serial Router(config-if)#ip address Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#clockrate Router(config-if)#encapsulation {ppp|hdlc} exit Hyderabad(config)#

18. ================================ Welcome to Chennai Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** **** enable configure terminal ip address 10.0.0.2 255.0.0.0 no shutdown encapsulation hdlc exit Chennai> password : Chennai# Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Chennai(config)# Chennai(config-if)# Chennai(config)# Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> Connecting..... Configuring Serial interface Router(config)#interface serial Router(config-if)#ip address Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#clockrate Router(config-if)#encapsulation {ppp|hdlc} Configuring Serial interface Router(config)#interface serial Router(config-if)#ip address Router(config-if)#no shutdown Router(config-if)#clockrate Router(config-if)#encapsulation {ppp|hdlc} telnet 192.168.2.1 interface serial 1

19. Hyderabad(config-if)# telnet 192.168.1.1 ================================ Welcome to Hyderabad Router ================================ User Access Verification password : **** **** enable configure terminal interface serial 0 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 no shutdown clockrate 64000 encapsulation hdlc Hyderabad> password : Hyderabad# Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Hyderabad(config)# Hyderabad(config-if)# Microsoft Windows 2000 [Version 5.00.2195] (C) Copyright 1985-2000 Microsoft Corp. C:\> Connecting..... exit Hyderabad(config)# exit Hyderabad# show int s0

20. Serial0 is up, line protocol is up Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.0.0.1/8 MTU 1500 bytes,BW 1544 Kbit,DLY 20000 usec,rely 255/255,load 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input 00:05:29, output 00:00:03, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 997 packets input, 20161 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 875 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 899 packets output, 24785 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 132 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 325 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up Hyderabad# show int s0 1.Serial0 is up, line protocol is up Implies, all configurations and the connectivity are fine. 1.Serial0 is up, line protocol is up Implies, all configurations and the connectivity are fine.

21. Serial0 is administratively down, line protocol is down Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.0.0.1/8 MTU 1500 bytes,BW 1544 Kbit,DLY 20000 usec,rely 255/255,load 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input 00:01:27, output 00:01:20, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 995 packets input, 20133 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 873 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 896 packets output, 24163 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 131 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 325 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=down RTS=down CTS=up Hyderabad# 2.Serial0 is administratively down, line protocol is down Implies, No Shut (Layer1 command) has not been given on the local routers interface. 2.Serial0 is administratively down, line protocol is down Implies, No Shut (Layer1 command) has not been given on the local routers interface. show int s0

22. Serial0 is up, line protocol is down Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.0.0.1/8 MTU 1500 bytes,BW 1544 Kbit,DLY 20000 usec,rely 255/255,load 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input 00:07:56, output 00:00:05, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 1028 packets input, 20595 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 906 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 917 packets output, 25475 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 138 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 341 carrier transitions DCD=up DSR=up DTR=up RTS=up CTS=up Hyderabad# 3.Serial0 is up, line protocol is down Implies, Encapsulation or Clock Rate (Layer2 commands) have not been given or encapsulation on both the routers are different. 3.Serial0 is up, line protocol is down Implies, Encapsulation or Clock Rate (Layer2 commands) have not been given or encapsulation on both the routers are different. show int s0

23. Serial0 is down, line protocol is down Hardware is HD64570 Internet address is 10.0.0.1/8 MTU 1500 bytes,BW 1544 Kbit,DLY 20000 usec,rely 255/255,load 1/255 Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) Last input 00:12:40, output 00:00:08, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0 Queueing strategy: weighted fair Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops) Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total) Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated) 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 1088 packets input, 21435 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 966 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 945 packets output, 26091 bytes, 0 underruns 0 output errors, 0 collisions, 147 interface resets 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out 370 carrier transitions DCD=down DSR=down DTR=up RTS=up CTS=down Hyderabad# 4.Serial0 is down, line protocol is down Implies, No Shut has not been given on the remote routers interface or some problem with the physical connectivity. 4.Serial0 is down, line protocol is down Implies, No Shut has not been given on the remote routers interface or some problem with the physical connectivity.