1. Science 8 Messana Hydrology Unit

2. Basics you need to know… Water is essential for__________ ________________= all water environments on Earth (________+ water _______ ground+ water ______ ground + water in________________) Polar Covalent Molecule – __________________________

3. Basics you need to know… Water is the______________________ It dissolves ___________from rocks and soils It dissolves ________ in the atmosphere Makes nutrients and gases_____________________________________

4. Forces of Attraction Cohesion = attraction of_________________ water molecules sticking to__________________ Adhesion = attraction of molecules of_________________________ water molecules sticking to __________________________________

5. Phenomena caused by Forces Surface Tension = force on the ____or ____________of water, holding it in a tight____________________ Caused by ______________, water molecules want to cling to each other

6. Phenomena caused by Forces Capillary Action = water moving _______ against the force of _________ in a _________ passageway, along the surface of a ______ substance Caused by_____________, water molecules clinging to ____________________(EX: side of a pipette, graduated cylinder, plant roots/stem, etc.)

7. Density D = mass / volume Density of water = ________ g/cubic cm (~1) Materials LESS DENSE than water will _________ in water Materials MORE DENSE than water will _______ in water Substances will layer as follows: _____________ ______________

8. Buoyancy _________________that works against gravity to____________________ Less dense materials _______ in more dense materials because of buoyancy The ______ DENSE the liquid, the __________ an object will float in it The ______DENSE the liquid, the _________ an object will float in it

9. Dissolving Solute in Water Dissolving a substance in water will _________ the density of the water ___________ in the______________ Objects will be ______buoyant in salt water than fresh water ___________!! 

10. Specific Heat Amount of __________needed to raise ________of a substance by_______________ Water has a ___________specific heat = heats up and cools down__________ Water is resistant to abrupt changes in temperature This trait protects aquatic organisms from temperature__________________