1. MEMORY & INTELLIGENCE

2. MEMORY: The input, storage, and retrieval of what has been learned or experienced

3. Sensory Memory works as a filter. It allows us time to determine what to pay attention to.

4. SPOT THE REAL PENNY

5. MAINTENANCE vs. ELABORATIVE REHEARSAL Even though you live in the United States and probably see hundreds of pennies a week, it is difficult to identify the real one from fake ones. Mere repetition, such as seeing something over and over again does not guarantee a strong memory. Maintenance Rehearsal = repetition Elaborative Rehearsal = linking new information to material that is already known Improves your chances of remembering it!!!!

6. Short-Term or Working Memory Use it or lose it!!!!! Chunking = Grouping items to make them easier to remember Working with information…..

7. Short-Term or Working Memory Use it or lose it!!!!! Mnemonic Devices = Techniques for using associations to memorize and retrieve information Working with information…..

9. Long-Term Memory Types of Long-Term Memory Episodic memory – memory of our own life (Personal facts) Semantic memory – knowledge of language, including rules, words, and meanings Declarative memory – Stored knowledge called forth consciously as needed; includes episodic and semantic Procedural memory – Storage of learned skills that does not require conscious recollection

10. Episodic – you remember the time your cat woke you up Semantic – you can recall what a “cat” is Declarative – you know that something is true, California is a state in the U.S. Procedural – you know how to do something – climb a tree – do your hair – etc.

11. Memory and the Brain We are still learning about the role of the brain in MEMORY. To what extent the brain is involved is still being determined.

12. Retrieving Information Key = Organization of info in LTM Recall: the ability to bring back and integrate many specific learned details Recognition: the ability to pick the correct object or event from a list of choices Reconstructive Processes: the alteration of a recalled memory depending on experiences and attitudes The brain IS NOT a video recorder

13. Photographic memory – ability to form sharp, detailed visual images of a picture or page and to recall exactly what you saw. FACT: 59-year-old Akira Haraguchi recited from memory the first 83,431 decimal places of pi, earning a spot in the Guinness World Records. FACT: Super card sharks can memorize the order of a shuffled deck of cards in less than a minute FACT: According to evidence, it's impossible to recall images with near perfect accuracy DOES IT EXIST?

14. Eidetic Memory – The ability to remember with great accuracy visual information on the basis of short-term exposure 5% of children Very rare in adults

15. Eyewitness Testimony It is often wrong Involves recognition Memory of event is often distorted Eyewitnesses can be misled by questioning

16. FORGETTING Types Decay – fading away of memory over time Amnesia – loss of memory as a result of a blow to head or brain damage. Other causes: Stress/Drugs Interference – blockage of a memory by previous or subsequent memories or loss of a retrieval cue Proactive Interference: prior learning interferes with learning new information Retroactive Interference: newly learned information interferes with previously learned information

17. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FJWadZiC0SI

18. DID YOU KNOW! Flashbulb Memories are vivid recollections of events that are shocking or emotional The SQ3R method of studying improves your ability to recognize and recall information

19. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v =bSycdIx- C48&list=PL36NlYE6G71AitEPo0 KT9Ter2z9TLAn0i&index=1 Crash Course #13 How we Make Memories

20. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HVWbrNls- Kw&index=2&list=PL36NlYE6G71AitEPo0KT9Ter2z 9TLAn0i CC # 14 Remembering and Forgetting 10:17

21. INTELLIGENCE: IQ & TESTING

22. INTELLIGENCE The ability to acquire new ideas and new behavior, and to adapt to new situations. Different views on Intelligence exist Two-Factor Theory: Intelligence includes a general ability (g) level and specific mental abilities (s) Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence Theory: Numerous (8) and unrelated intelligences Emotional Intelligence: The ability to perceive, use, understand, and regulate emotions.

24. INTELLIGENCE TEST Measure IQ, or a standardized measure of intelligence based on a scale of which 100 is average Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale: Originally meant for children; adapted for adults Groups test items by age level 100 is average for given age Wechsler Tests: More common today Three versions (2-6, 6-16, 16-89) More detailed scoring

25. IQ SCORES – What do they mean? Average score is 100 Traditionally 70 or below = mentally handicapped Good indicator of success in school Do not predict success in the real world Nature v. Nurture: Both genetic factors & the environment play a role in IQ. The % each contributes is debatable. Cultural Bias: wording used in questions may be more familiar to people or one social group than to another group

27. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=75g4d5s F3xI&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtOPRKzVLY0jJY- uHOH9KVU6 CC Brain vs Bias