1. Family Gerreidae (Mojarras)
Gerres erythrourus
Gerreid fishes are minor commercial fish in
Thai waters
occur on reef-associated; brackish; marine

2. General Characteristic of Gerreid larvae
The body is moderate deep, have myomeres. The gut is coiled and short. A small, inconspicuous gas bladder is present above the anterior portion of the gut.
The moderate head is broad and round, large mouse with it’s long ascending premaxillary process. The snout is short and round. The mouth initially reaches to anterior of eye, but in postflexion larvae be comes larger. The eye round is large in preflexion larvae and moderate to large. There is gap between the vent and anal fin.
Pigmentation:
Gerreid larvae have distinctive pigmentation from along the anal fin base to the tip of notochord

3. Meristic Characters of Indo-Pacific gerreid genera
Head Spination:
- Gerreid larvae have small preopercular spine
Meristic Characters of Indo-Pacific gerreid genera
D A P P C Vertebrae
Gerres
Pentaprion
IX-X, III, I, = 24
IX-X, V-VI, I, = 24

4. Sample measurement and identification
Family: Gerreidae
Stage: Preflexion
Sampling Location: Western Gulf of Thailand
Sampling Gear: Bongo net
Measurement: (mm)
BL = HL= ED= SnL= PAL= BD= 1.00
Counts:
D: - A: - P1: -
P2: - C: - Myomeres: 24

5. The body is moderate deep, gut coiled and short
Morphology:
The body is moderate deep, gut coiled and short
The moderate head is broad and round, large mouse
with it’s long ascending premaxillary process
(protractile mouth)
The eye round is large
There is gap between the vent and anal fin
Pigmentation:
Gerres sp. larvae
have distinctive
pigmentation
from along the
anal fin base to
the tip of
notochord
gap

6. Head Spination:
- 1 small preopercular spine
Similar family: Nemipteridae and Sparidae

7. Sample measurement and identification
Family: Gerreidae
Stage: Post flexion
Sampling Location: Western Gulf of Thailand
Sampling Gear: Bongo net
Species Name: Gerres sp.
Measurement: (mm)
BL = HL= ED= SnL= PAL= BD= 1.30
Counts:
D: IX, 9 A: III, 6 P1: 10
P2: - C: 9+8 Myomeres: 24

8. Morphology:
The body is moderate deep, gut coiled and short
The moderate head is broad and round, protractile
mouth
There is gap between the vent and anal fin
Pigmentation:
Gerres sp. Larvae have distinctive pigmentation from
along the anal fin base, anterior of anus, posterior
of hypural bone and midbrain
Head Spination: small preopercular spine

9. Similar family:
Gerreid larvae similar family Nemipteridae and Sparidae, but small preopercular spine, protractile mouth, the gap between vent to anal fin and pigment pattern on the ventral margin of tail are usefully for distinctive from others family

10. THANK YOU

11. Family Serranidae
E. sexfasciatus
E. malabaricus
E. tauvina
Serranid fishes are commercial fish in Thai waters and South China Sea
demersal fish; non-migratory
occur on reef-associated; brackish; marine

12. General Characteristic of Serranid larvae
The body is moderate deep, have 24 myomeres. The gut is loosely coiled. A small gas bladder is located above the apex of the gut. The head is initially moderate but increases in relative size to large. The snout is about equal to eye diameter. The large mouth is moderate oblique. The round eye is small to moderate. The spine at the preopercular angle is large than the others.
Pigmentation:
Serranid larvae are lightly to moderately pigment.

13. Meristic Characters of some Indo-Pacific serranid genera
D A P P C Vertebrae
Anthiinae
Caprodon
Giganthias
Holanthias
etal.
Epinephelinae
Epinephelus
Cephalopholis
X, III, I, (15)
IX, III, I, = 25
X, III, I, (13) = 26
XI, III, I, = 24
IX, III, I, = 24

14. Sample measurement and identification
Family: Serranidae
Subfamily: Epinephelinae
Stage: Flexion
Species Name: -
Sampling Location: Celebes Sea (Indonesia)
Sampling Gear: Bongo net
Measurement: (mm)
BL = HL= ED= 0.50 SnL= PAL= BD= 1.50
Counts:
D: III A: - P1: -
P2: I C: 9+8 Myomeres: 24

15. Subfamily: Epinephelinae Genus: Epinephelus sp.
Morphology:
Serrated spine
The body is moderate deep - The lightly coiled gut
extends to about mid of body
The head is moderate and snout is short and blunt
The spine serially associated with the first dorsal fin
stout, elongate and serrate
- The pelvic fin spine elongate and serrate, pelvic ray
much shorter than the spine
Serrated spine

16. angle of preopercle and supraorbital ridge is present
Pigmentation:
- Epinephelus sp. have melanophores over the gut and on caudal peduncle
Head Spination:
enlarged and serrate
spine is present at the
angle of preopercle and
supraorbital ridge
is present
Supraorbital ridge
Serrate preopercular spine

17. Family: Serranidae
Subfamily: Epinephelinae
Species Name: Epinephelus sp.
Stage: Post flexion
Sampling Location: Western Gulf of Thailand
Sampling Gear: Bongo net
Measurement: (mm)
BL = HL= ED= SnL= PAL= BD= 2.30
Counts:
D: X, 15 A: III, 10 P1: 15
P2: I, 5 C: - Myomeres: 24

18. Subfamily: Epinephelinae Genus: Epinephelus sp.
Morphology:
Hook-like serrated spine
The body is moderate deep
The spine serially associated
with the first dorsal fin and
pelvic fin stout, elongate and hook-like serration
pattern

19. - enlarged and serrate spine is present at the angle of preopercle
Pigmentation:
Epinephelus sp. Have
melanophore over the
gut and on caudal
peduncle
Head Spination:
- enlarged and serrate spine is present at the
angle of preopercle
and have supraorbital
ridge, small spine on
the posttemporal and
supracleithral
Posttemporal spine
Supracleithral spine
Serrate preopercular spine

20. Family: Serranidae
Subfamily: Anthiinae
Species Name: -
Stage: Post flexion
Sampling Location: Andaman Sea
Sampling Gear: Bongo net
Measurement: (mm)
BL = HL= ED= SnL= PAL= BD= 2.20
Counts:
D: X, 14 A: III, 8 P1: 15 ?
P2: I, 5 C: 9+8 Myomeres: 26

21. Subfamily: Anthiinae Genus: -
Morphology:
The body is deep
and hunchbacked body
The gut is coiled
The head is very large, short and moderately slope
snout, large mouth and reaches beyond the middle of
the eye, the eye is round and large
Pigmentation:
Anthiinae larvae are not heavily pigmented and except
for the midbrain, dorsal midlateral line and ventral
edge of tail

22. Head spination is extensive, interopercular spine is
large and serrate at the preopercular angle
A moderate supracleithral spine, and two small
posttemporal spines, and supraorbital ridge
Posttemporal spine
Supracleithral spine
Supraorbital ridge
Subopercular spine
Interopercular spine

23. Similar family:
Serranid larvae are similar family Lutjanidae, but dorsal and anal spine, head spination and pigment pattern on the ventral margin of tail are usefully for distinctive from this family

24. THANK YOU

25. Family Sillaginidae (Whitings)
s. maculata
s. sihama
Sillaginid fishes are commercial fish in Thai waters and South China Sea
demersal fish; non-migratory
occur on sand and muddy substrates in the mouths of rivers, estuaries, and mangrove creeks in deep range 1 – 50 m.

26. General Characteristic of Sillaginid larvae
The body is elongate, have 32 myomeres. The gut is initially straight, begins to coil during notochord fleaxion, lack of gas bladder. The head is small to moderate. the mouth initially reaches to about the anterior margin of the eye. The eye is large to moderate. Head spination is poorly developed.
Pigmentation:
Sillaginid larvae are lightly pigmented and characterized by a single low of melanophores along the ventral midline of the trunk, tail, and often on the head.

27. Meristic Characters of Indo-Pacific sillaginid genera
D A P P C Vertebrae
Sillaginopsis
Sillago
X+I, II, I, = 42
X-XIII+I, II, I,

28. Sample measurement and identification
Family: Sillaginidae
Species Name: Sillago sp.
Stage: Post flexion
Sampling Location: Phang-Nga Bay
Sampling Gear: Bongo net
Measurement: (mm)
BL = HL= ED= SnL= PAL= BD= 1.15
Counts:
D: XII + I, 21 A: II, 18 P1: 14
P2: I, 5 C: 9+8 Myomeres: 40

29. Morphology: - elongate body - The gut is initially straight, and
lake of gas bladder - The head is small, mouth reach to
anterior margin of the eye
- The eye is moderate

30. Pigmentation:. - Sillago sp
Pigmentation: - Sillago sp. are lightly pigmented; single row of melanophores along the ventral midline of the trunk and tail; series of melanophores at mid-laterally and dorsal edge of the tail - pigment is often present on the margin of tail
Head Spination: -

31. THANK YOU