1. Chapter 6 Life in the Industrial Age

2. dynamo: A machine that generates electricity (generator)
interchangeable parts: Identical components that could be used in place of one another to improve efficiency.
assembly line: Workers add to a product that moves along a belt from one work station to the next.
stock: Shares in the company that are sold to investors.
corporation: Businesses that are owned by many investors who buy shares of stock.
cartel: A group of corporations who joined forces to fix prices, set production quotas, or control markets

3. Section 1: The Industrial Revolution Spreads
Essential Question:
How did science, technology, and big business promote industrial growth?

4. New Industrial Powers Emerge
Germany, France and US have more coal, iron and other resources
Used British ideas and Inventions, then tried to improve them
2 leaders: US and Germany
Slower countries: lacked resources & capital, had unstable gov’ts
Most needed for industry: natural resources

5. What factors led to the industrialization of other nations after Britain?
Other nations had abundant supplies of natural resources
Were able to use the ideas and technology that Britain developed

6. Technology Sparks Industrial Growth

7. Bessemer: Becomes symbol of 2nd IR
Companies start to hire people whose develop products/ideas
Chemicals- aspirin, soaps, fertilizers, dynamite (Nobel)
Electricity- replaces steam power by 1890’s
Faraday: created 1st electric motor and dynamo (generator)
Edison creates 1st electric light bulb

8. New methods of production
Interchangeable parts
Assembly line

10. How did technology help industry expand?
Scientists develop new products and technology
Steel production
Dynamite
Dynamo (electricity/generator)
Interchangeable parts
Assembly line

11. Transportation Advances
Steamships replaced sail
Railroads: Transcontinental & Trans-Siberian
Automobile
Nikolaus Otto: internal combustion engine
1866 Germans began: Benz, Daimler
Henry Ford=mass production
Airplanes
Internal combustion=sustained flight
1903 Orville & Wilbur Wright first flight in Kitty Hawk, NC

13. Communication Advances
Samuel Morse - Morse Code 1844
Electric cables were run across Atlantic 1860s
Alexander Graham Bell – Telephone 1876
Guglielmo Marconi – radio, 1890

15. How did technical advances in transportation and communications affect the Industrial Revolution?
Changed the way people lived
People could travel faster and farther by steamships, railroad, car, and airplanes.
Communication on a national and international level by telegraph, telephone, and radio.

16. Business Takes a New Direction
Corporations develop (investors own stock & many people own a company)
Increases available capital, more industry
Monopolies develop
Cartels: groups of companies that get together and fix/set prices
call for regulation
Captains of Industry or Robber Barons

17. 17

18. Why were big business leaders “captains of industry” to some, but “robber barons” to others?”
Some believed that captains of industry created economic benefits
Others thought the robber barons exploited consumers and free enterprise.

19. Section 1 Essential Question How did science, technology, and business promote industrial growth?
Write 6 sentences:
2 sentences on each of the three categories,
include the vocabulary terms

20. How did science, technology, and business promote industrial growth?
Science Inventions:
medicines, fertilizers, dynamite
New technology:
Steel production/Bessemer Process,
transportation (trains, autos, planes)
communication (Morse, telephone, radio)
Power sources: Electric power replaces steam, electric dynamo (generators and transformers)
Business
Production: interchangeable parts, assembly line, transportation
Practices: stocks, giant corporations, cartels, & regulation.