1. the properties of abiotic factors that influence marine environments

2. Pollution
Pollution in the ocean is a major problem that is affecting the ocean and the rest of the Earth, too. Pollution in the ocean directly affects ocean organisms and indirectly affects human health and resources. Oil spills, toxic wastes, and dumping of other harmful materials are all major sources of pollution in the ocean.

3. The sunlight zone
This zone is the top zone, and it is also the smallest. The sunlight zone is only about 600 feet deep, but ninety percent of the ocean’s  sea life lives in the sunlight zone. This zone is home to a wide variety of marine life because plants can grow here. Plants can grow here because sunlight can get to the plants in this zone, so the plants can do photosynthesis and grow. Also, the water temperature is warmer than any other zone in the ocean. The sunlight can reach this zone and warm the ocean water, so it is warm enough for fish and other sea life. Sharks, tunas, mackerels, jellyfish, sea turtles, sea lions, seals, and stingrays are a few of the animals that live in the sunlight zone.

4. global warming
is causing the water to rise, and when it rises, it covers things such as low land islands with plants, animals, and even some people’s homes on them. This can hurt animals in the different layers of the ocean.
One other way ocean layers are affected by global warming is that warm water, caused by global warming, is hurting and even killing algae which is what some fish in the sunlight zone eat. These fish would die because all of their food would be gone. When the fish die, it is a break in our food chain, which would lead to a big problem for all of the animals that rely on the algae-eating fish for their food.

5. Salinity
Ocean water is about 3.5% salt. That means that if the oceans dried up completely, enough salt would be left behind to build a 180-mile-tall, one- mile-thick wall around the equator and more than 90% of that salt would be sodium chloride, or ordinary table salt.

6. temperature
temperature really is a measure of energy. the greater the energy, the higher the temperature. when temperatures are high, the atoms in matter become excited from the energy and start to expand. molecules, which are made up of atoms, also expand this way. this expansion results in lowered density. in the ocean, warmer water expands just like any other ocean. the cooler water, which is more dense than the warm water, sinks to the bottom and takes up the spaces left by the rising warm water. the result is a convection current.

7. Depths of the Ocean
The oceans has an average depth of 13000 ft or 4000 meters  m Average depth of Atlantic ocean 3926 m Average depth of Pacific ocean 4282 m Average depth of Indian ocean 3963 mIf spread over the whole surface of the earth the average depth would be 2440m.

8. How the Depth of the Ocean effects sea life
The tilt of the Earth has a big effect on the amount of sunshine received from the surface. In places like New Zealand, summer brings three times more sunlight than winter. Water also has an effect on light, restraining marine plant life to the top meters and plank tonic life to 100m depth.

9. Wind
First, the sun heats the atmosphere, generating winds and moving the sea surface through friction. By doing this, it drags the water surface with it as the wind blows over it. Although the wind has a big effect the surface layer, it does not make a difference on water below about 100 meters (325 feet) in depth.