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Image of M8, taken by the AEOS Burst Camera 1 Heather Swan Physics Department University of Michigan Carl Akerlof, Timothy McKay, Eli Rykoff, Donald Smith, U of Michigan Mark Skinner, Andrew Alday, Kevin Moore, Boeing LTS
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Outline Why? What is the AEOS and ABC? GRB response Data and simulations
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GRB 030418 was dimmer than expected at early times Optical lightcurve First image ~76s after -rays Circum-burst absorbs optical light if we could see the spectrum, we would expect to see red -> blue
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GRB 990123 was brighter than expected at early times -rays were still emitting for first few images Optical lightcurve Relativistic fireball – example of a reverse shock if we could see the spectrum, we would expect to see blue -> red
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Swift’s BAT error box is the perfect size for the ABC 90% will be localized to a 3 arc minute radius (Can see them with the ABC) 50% will be localized within 12 seconds (Can see them promptly) (From Fenimore, et al)
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The AEOS telescope is a large optical telescope used by the Air Force Advanced Electro-Optical Systems Telescope (AEOS) Largest ground based AF optical telescope (3.67m) Designed to track satellites, can quickly (~20 sec) slew to coordinates Located in Haleakala, Hawaii, at 10,000 ft ABC 6
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The AEOS Burst Camera (ABC) is attached to the AEOS Optics designed by Carl Akerlof Package designed by Alan Schier Camera built by Astronomical Research Cameras Field of view 6' x 6' Focal length of 15.5m 9 ToO observations / year Limiting Mag ~22 nd for 10 sec exposure
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Burst Filter Fax ::::::: GCN Swift GRB User Interface ABC Computers (Modified ROTSE Software) CD The ABC will try to observe GRBs within minutes after they are localized
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No prompt response yet… GRB needs to be < 1 hour old and visible in Maui The few that have been attempted –Bad weather –Bad pointing Several test bursts have been sent –Responses between 1 and 10 minutes One was caught during testing (030329) –Images taken several days after the event GRB 030329
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A diffraction grating was recently installed on the ABC Low resolving power (8) Installed Jan ’05 A light bulb viewed through the grating, and a star….
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Simulations of the grating are similar to what is seen 0th 1st 2nd higher orders The blaze angle was chosen so most of the light would be in the 1 st order Blackbody, sun’s temp Image from ABC of a star
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Simulations of different temperature blackbodies We can differentiate between blue and red stars Hotter temps Cooler temps
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We can differentiate between different types of objects Star Quasar Symbiotic binary
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In summary, the ABC is up and running, we’re just waiting for a GRB The ABC can quickly and deeply observe GRBs – First image within minutes of GRB detection – Small 6’ x 6’ field of view – Deep (22 nd mag) images with 10s exposures The ABC has a diffraction grating – Will get early spectral information for GRBs Questions?
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