1. CELLS History, Parts, Functions

2. Robert Hooke 1665

3. Hooke observed Cork- named the cells “Cells”.

4. Leewenhoek, 1667- “Animolecules”

5. Schleiden and Schwann ► BOTANIST (plants made of cells)……and ZOOLOGIST (animals made of cells)

6. Virchow Physician “Omni cellula e cellula…”- All Cells come from pre- existing Cells.

7. CELLS CELL THEORY  CELLS ARE THE BASIC UNIT OF LIFE  ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE OF CELLS  ALL CELLS COME FROM PREEXISTING CELLS

8. Cell Types PROKARYOTIC Cells (Prokaryotes) NO NUCLEUS, No membrane bound organelles (golgi, lysosomes, etc). These are BACTERIA ONLY

9. Cell Types ► EUKARYOTIC CELLS (Eukaryotes) ► ALL other cells in life! Have a Nucleus and other membrane bound organelles. “The TYPICAL CELL”

10. PARTS OF THE CELL

11. THE CELL MEMBRANE ► Barrier around the cell…found in ALL CELLS! Controls what enters and leaves.

12. CELL’S NUCLEUS ► AREA OF DNA STORAGE  PROKARYOTES CALLED NUCLEAR REGION

13. CELLS/NUCLEUS ► MEMBRANE AROUND CALLED NUCLEAR ENVELOPE (has pores in it) ► INSIDE AREA CALLED NUCLEOLUS (makes ribosomes)

14. CELLS/NUCLEUS

15. Endoplasmic Reticulum ► MOVEMENT OF MATERIAL INSIDE OF CELL (“THE CELL”S HIGHWAY”) ► MAJOR TYPES  ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (with Ribosomes)  SMOOTH ENODPALSMIC RETICULUM (no ribosomes)

16. ROUGH/SMOOTH ER

17. ROUGH ER (see the ribosomes?)

18. Golgi Apparatus (or complex, or body…) Packages Proteins for export Forms Lysosomes

19. LYSOSOMES  TO DIGEST MATERIAL BROUGHT INTO CELL  (Enzymes for “CLEAN UP”)

20. RIBOSOME PROTEIN SYNTHESIS… where proteins are assembled. Remember! Amino Acids link together to form Proteins…here at the RIBOSOME! PROTEIN SYNTHESIS… where proteins are assembled. Remember! Amino Acids link together to form Proteins…here at the RIBOSOME!

21. VACUOLES ► STORAGE—water and salts, minerals, foods

22. MITOCHONDRIA ► The Site for Cellular Respiration…where energy is made! ► The “MIGHTY” mitochondria is the Powerhouse of the cell!

23. Mitochondria

24. CYTOSKELETON ► STRUCTURE/SUPPORT

25. Cilia and Flagella ► Cilia- short hair like projections for movement. ► Flagella- long whip-like tail for movement.

26. PLANTS ONLY!

27. Plastids ► Plastids are doubled membraned 'sac-like' organelles, generally involved in either the manufacture or storage of food. ► They include chloroplasts, chromoplasts (pigments- red, green, yellow) and leucoplasts

28. CHLOROPLAST Found in Plants, algea, photosynthetic organisms..anything green (chlorophyll) Captures LIGHT and turns into Glucose during photosynthesis…

29. Chloroplast

30. CELL WALL ► Encloses the Cell membrane. Found in Plants, fungi, algea…just not animal cells!

31. LARGE VACUOLES