1. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Virus Gene Expression Mechanisms by which cells express the information stored in genes Genome coding strategies of different virus groups How viruses control gene expression via transcription and post-transcriptional methods

2. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Control of Expression in Bacteriophage λ A simplified genetic map of λ

3. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Control of Expression in Bacteriophage λ

4. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Control of Expression in Bacteriophage λ

5. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Control of Eukaryote Gene Expression DNA configuration Transcription mRNA stability Translation

6. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Virus Genome Coding Strategies Class I: Double-Stranded DNA: Polyomaviruses and Papillomaviruses Adenoviruses Herpesviruses Poxviruses

7. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Class II: Single-Stranded DNA

8. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Class III: Double-Stranded RNA

9. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Class IV: Single-Stranded (+)sense RNA

10. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Class V: Single-Stranded (–)sense RNA

11. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Expression of ambisense virus genomes

12. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Single-Stranded (+)Sense RNA with DNA Intermediate

13. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Class VII: Double-Stranded DNA with RNA Intermediate Hepatitis B virus: Cauliflower mosaic virus:

14. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Transcriptional Control of Expression - SV40

15. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Transcriptional Control of Expression - Retrovirus LTRs

16. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Transcriptional Control of Expression - Transactivators

17. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Post-transcriptional Control of Expression - splicing in Adenoviruses

18. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Ribosomal Frameshifting

19. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Summary Control of gene expression is a vital element of virus replication Coordinate expression of groups of virus genes results in successive phases of gene expression Viruses rely on cis- and trans-acting mechanisms to enhance and coordinate the expression of their genetic information

20. © Elsevier, 2011.Principles of Molecular Virology Further Reading Alberts, B. (Ed) (2007) Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5th ed. Garland Science, New York. ISBN 0815341067. Freed, E.O. and Martin, M. (2001) Human immunodeficiency viruses and their replication. In: Fields Virology, 4th ed., Fields, B.N., Knipe, D.M., and Howley, P.M. (Eds.), pp. 1971–2042. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA. ISBN 07817325 Giedroc, D.P. et al. (2000) Structure, stability and function of RNA pseudoknots involved in stimulating ribosomal frameshifting. Journal of Molecular Biology, 298: 167–185 Kannian, P. and Green, P.L. (2010) Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1): Molecular Biology and Oncogenesis. Viruses 2(9): 2037-2077. doi:10.3390/v2092037 Latchman, D. (2002) Gene Regulation: A Eukaryotic Perspective. BIOS Scientific, Oxford. ISBN 0748765301 López-Lastra M., et al. (2010) Translation initiation of viral mRNAs. Rev Med Virol. 20(3): 177-195. Ptashne, M. (2004). A Genetic Switch: Phage Lambda Revisited. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York. ISBN 0879697164 Skalsky, R.L. and Cullen, B.R. (2010) Viruses, microRNAs, and Host Interactions. Annual Review of Microbiology 64: 123-141 Wu, Y. and Marsh, J.W. (2003) Gene transcription in HIV infection. Microbes and Infection, 5: 1023– 1027