1. 过去完成时 一. 基本结构 : 二. 定义 : 三. 用法 : Had(not) done had(not) been done 过去完成时的动词表示过去的过去完成的动作或状态. 常用 by,before,when,until 等词引导时间状语. 1. 表示过去某一时刻之前完成的动作 By the end of last year we had built five new houses. 2. 表示过去某一动作之前完成的动作 I had learnt 5000 English words before I entered the university.

2. He kept looking at her, wondering whether he ______ her somewhere.(04 湖北 ) A.saw B. has seen C.sees D. had seen I arrived late; I _____ the road to be so icy. (04 北京 ) A. couldn’t expect B. haven’t expected C. hadn’t expected D. wasn’t expected -George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding party? -No, I _ __ __.Did they have a big wedding?(04 湖北 ) A. was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadn’t been invited D. didn’t invite The hotel wasn’t particularly good, but I ___ in many worse hotels.(08 北京 ) A. was staying B. stayed C. would stay D. had stayed We first met on a train in 2000, we both felt immediately that we ___ each other for years.(08 辽宁 ) A. knew B. have known C. had known D. know D C C D C

3. 3. 用于 told,said, knew, heard,thought,etc 动词后的宾语从句中 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. 4. 一 …… 就 …… Sb had hardly/scarcely done sth when +S +Ved… Sb had no sooner done sth than+S+Ved… Ie.We had hardly/scarcely arrived when it began to rain. I had no sooner arrived than it began to rain. 5. 用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件从句中。 If sb had done sth, S +would have done. Ie.If you had come earlier, you would have met him. * 省略（ if) 与倒装 ( 将 had 提至句首） Ie.Had you come earlier, you would have met him.