1. 8-1 ENERGY AND LIFE COPYRIGHT PEARSON PRENTICE HALL

2. End Show 8-1 Energy And Life Slide 2 of 20 Energy is the ability to do work! For example, your car needs gas to run but…… Living things need energy to survive as well. This energy comes from food. The energy in most food comes from the sun. Where do plants get the energy they need to produce food? Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

3. End Show Slide 3 of 20 8-1 Energy And LifeAutotrophs and Heterotrophs Plants and some other types of organisms are able to use light energy from the sun to produce food. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

4. End Show Slide 4 of 20 8-1 Energy And Life Autotrophs Organisms such as plants, which make their own food from the Sun. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

5. End Show Slide 5 of 20 8-1 Energy And Life Heterotrophs Organisms, such as animals, cannot use the sun’s energy directly to make food. Instead, they get energy from foods they consume.

6. End Show Slide 6 of 20 8-1 Energy And Life Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemical Energy and ATP Energy comes in many forms including light, heat, and electricity. Energy can be stored in chemical compounds, too. For example, When you light a candle, the wax melts, soaks into the wick, and is burned, releasing energy in the form of light and heat.

7. End Show 8-1 Energy And Life Slide 7 of 20 Chemical Energy and ATP Living things use chemical fuels as well. One of the principal compounds that cells use to store and release energy is Adenosine Triophosphate (ATP). Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

8. End Show Slide 8 of 20 8-1 Energy And Life Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemical Energy and ATP ATP consists of: adenine ribose (a 5-carbon sugar) 3 phosphate groups Adenine ATP Ribose 3 Phosphate groups

9. End Show Slide 9 of 20 8-1 Energy And Life Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemical Energy and ATP Storing Energy ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate) looks very similar to ATP except it has 2 phosphate groups. A cell can store small amounts of energy by adding a phosphate group to ADP. ADP ATP Energy Partially charged battery Fully charged battery + Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

10. End Show Slide 10 of 20 8-1 Energy And Life Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemical Energy and ATP Releasing Energy Energy stored in ATP is released by breaking the chemical bond between the second and third phosphates. P ADP 2 Phosphate groups

11. End Show 8-1 Energy And Life Slide 11 of 20 Chemical Energy and ATP What is the role of ATP in cellular activities? Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

12. End Show Slide 12 of 20 8-1 Energy And Life Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Chemical Energy and ATP The energy from ATP is needed for many cellular activities, including active transport across cell membranes, protein synthesis and muscle contraction. ATP’s characteristics make it exceptionally useful as the basic energy source of all cells. For example, a Warrior Athlete!

13. End Show Slide 13 of 20 8-1 Energy And Life So.. What is the main difference between ATP and ADP? Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

14. End Show Slide 14 of 20 8-1 Energy And Life ADP HAS 2 ATP has 3 phosphate groups Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

15. End Show - or - Continue to: Click to Launch: Slide 15 of 20 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-1

16. End Show Slide 16 of 20 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-1 Organisms that make their own food are called a.autotrophs. b.heterotrophs. c.decomposers. d.consumers.

17. End Show Slide 17 of 20 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-1 Most autotrophs obtain their energy from a.chemicals in the environment. b.sunlight. c.carbon dioxide in the air. d.other producers.

18. End Show Slide 18 of 20 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-1 How is energy released from ATP? a.A phosphate is added. b.An adenine is added. c.A phosphate is removed. d.A ribose is removed.

19. End Show Slide 19 of 20 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall 8-1 Compared to the energy stored in a molecule of glucose, ATP stores a.much more energy. b.much less energy. c.about the same amount of energy. d.more energy sometimes and less at others.

20. END OF SECTION