1. Southern Africa Region: An Introduction (part #1)

2. Overview The Southern Africa region is an area that contains diverse terrain (landscape) ranging from… Forests Southern Cape Forests (located in South Africa)

3. Overview (Continued) Grasslands Highveld (located in South Africa)

4. Overview (Continued) Desert Kalahari Desert (Namibia) The Kalahari Desert is so large that it covers much of Botswana as well as parts of Namibia and South Africa.

5. Countries in Southern Africa Region South Africa Lesotho Swaziland Zambia Mozambique Namibia Botswana Zimbabwe Zambia Angola

6. South Africa South Africa is located at the Southern tip of Africa and touches the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. South Africa is the most industrialized (mechanized) country located on the African Continent. As you will learn in later lessons, the prosperity that comes with this distinction does not benefit many of the people who live in South Africa even to this day.

7. South Africa (Continued) South Africa is made up of many different ethnic groups. The three largest ethnic groups are the Sotho (SOO-too), Zulu, and Xhosa (KOH-suh). The first Europeans to settle in South Africa were the Dutch in the 1600s. They were known as Boers (Dutch word for farmers). Later on German, Belgian, and French settlers would also settle in South Africa. Together with the Dutch, these groups would form what would become known as Afrikaners. The Afrikaners would speak their own language (Afrikaans) and push black Africans off the best land to set up farms and plantations.

8. South Africa (Continued) Although the British would first come to South Africa in the early 1800s, the majority of British settlers would come after the discovery of gold and diamonds in South Africa. Afrikaners and British would eventually set up a system called Apartheid or “apartness”. The policy of Apartheid made it illegal for different races and ethnic groups to mix. These laws made black South Africans live in separate areas and prevented black South Africans from participating in rights we take for granted such as voting. Although Apartheid was officially dismantled in 1991, many people still live in poverty. While many white South Africans enjoy a high standard of living, many black, Asian, and mixed- group Africans live in rural areas and crowded townships (neighborhoods outside cities).

9. Lesotho & Swaziland The countries of Lesotho and Swaziland are located in South Africa. These two countries are examples of enclaves because they are smaller countries that are located inside a larger country. Lesotho and Swaziland are poor countries that rely heavily on South Africa. Those that live in these countries rely heavily on subsistence farming or work in mines located in South Africa.

10. Map Practice For help studying for the map quiz go to the following link for a practice test: http://www.purposegames.com/game/southern- africa-region-political-map-game