1. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 2 Knowing What We Know: Understanding Sexual Life Through Research and Theory

2. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Early Sexuality Researchers: Paving the Way to Understanding Sexuality and Sex An Historical View of Sex Through the Ages An Historical View of Sex Through the Ages The Greeks1000 BCE to 200 BCEThe Greeks1000 BCE to 200 BCE The Roman Empire27 BCE to 365 CEThe Roman Empire27 BCE to 365 CE Early Christianity50 CE to 1000 CEEarly Christianity50 CE to 1000 CE The Middle Ages476 CE to 1400 CEThe Middle Ages476 CE to 1400 CE Coming to America1500 CE to 1600 CEComing to America1500 CE to 1600 CE Modern Day1800 CE to 1900 CEModern Day1800 CE to 1900 CE

3. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Early Sexuality Researchers: Paving the Way to Understanding Sexuality and Sex 19 th Century Sexuality Research 19 th Century Sexuality Research Iwan Bloch: The Father of SexologyIwan Bloch: The Father of Sexology Karl Heinrich Ulrichs: A Political ActivistKarl Heinrich Ulrichs: A Political Activist Richard von Krafft-Ebing: A Promoter that Sex is DeviantRichard von Krafft-Ebing: A Promoter that Sex is Deviant Clelia Duel Mosher: Advocate for Women’s Sexual HealthClelia Duel Mosher: Advocate for Women’s Sexual Health Havelock Ellis: An Agitator for Sexual ReformHavelock Ellis: An Agitator for Sexual Reform Albert Moll: A Social ConservativeAlbert Moll: A Social Conservative Magnus Hirschfield: A Gay Rights ChampionMagnus Hirschfield: A Gay Rights Champion

4. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Early Sexuality Researchers: Paving the Way to Understanding Sexuality and Sex 20 th Century Sexuality Research 20 th Century Sexuality Research Sigmund Freud (1856-1939): An influential ThinkerSigmund Freud (1856-1939): An influential Thinker Case Studies; Developed 5-stage theory of sexuality Case Studies; Developed 5-stage theory of sexuality Alfred Kinsey (1894-1956): A Sexual LiberalizerAlfred Kinsey (1894-1956): A Sexual Liberalizer Interviews; Developed sexual orientation scale Interviews; Developed sexual orientation scale William Masters (1915-2001) and Virginia Johnson (1925- ): Promoters of ChangeWilliam Masters (1915-2001) and Virginia Johnson (1925- ): Promoters of Change In Lab; Developed 4-phase sexual response cycle In Lab; Developed 4-phase sexual response cycle

5. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Sexuality Studies in the United States The Janus Report The Janus Report The National Health and Social Life Survey The National Health and Social Life Survey The Youth Risk Behavior Survey The Youth Risk Behavior Survey Pfizer Global Study of Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors Pfizer Global Study of Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors

6. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Research Ethics Institutional Review Boards for the Protection of Human Subjects (IRB): Institutional Review Boards for the Protection of Human Subjects (IRB): SafetySafety Informed ConsentInformed Consent Privacy and confidentialityPrivacy and confidentiality InjuryInjury

7. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

8. Understanding the Multiple Influences of Our Sexuality: The Ecological Model The Individual The Individual Microsystem Microsystem Mesosystem Mesosystem Exosystem Exosystem Macrosystem Macrosystem Chronosystem Chronosystem

9. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Brofenbrenner’s Ecological Model

10. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. An Introduction to Sexuality Theories Ecological Theory Ecological Theory Family Development Theory Family Development Theory Family Systems Theory Family Systems Theory Symbolic Interaction Theory Symbolic Interaction Theory Structural- Functionalism Theory Structural- Functionalism Theory Conflict Theory Conflict Theory Women’s Studies/Feminist Theory Women’s Studies/Feminist Theory Men’s Studies Men’s Studies

11. Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Sexual Life Education Concluding Points Concluding Points