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Cancer 101: A Cancer Education and Training Program for American Indians & Alaska Natives Cancer 101: A Cancer Education and Training Program for American Indians & Alaska Natives Version 2 – Updated October 2011 Date Location Presented by: Presenter 1 Presenter 2
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Cancer Among American Indians & Alaska Natives Cancer 101 – Version 2 Learning Module 1
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Learning Objectives At the completion of Module 1, you will be able to: Give two reasons why cancer is a growing health concern in AI/AN communities. Discuss two facts about how data contributes to understanding about the cancer health concern for AI/AN.
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Learning Objectives (cont’d) Discuss two facts that contribute to poor survival for AI/AN diagnosed with cancer. Describe two factors that are likely to improve cancer survival rates for AI/AN.
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Actual Causes of Death Source: 1. Mokdad AH, Marks JS, Stroup DF, Gerberding JL. Actual causes of death in the United States, 2000. JAMA. 2004;291(10):1238-1246. 2. Miniño AM, Arias E, Kochanek KD, Murphy SL, Smith BL. Deaths: final data for 2000. National Vital Statistics Reports 2002; 50(15):1–120.
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Cancer Background Cancer is a growing health concern among AI/AN due to: Increased life expectancy Lifestyle changes
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Data Tell Us The incidence of cancer among AI is lower than all other ethnic groups, including whites, in the U.S. Cancer rates, previously reported as being lower in AI/AN, are on the rise Source: American Cancer Society Facts & Figures 2009
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Data Tell Us Cancer is the second leading cause of death for American Indians. Cancer is the leading cause of death for Alaska Natives.
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Data Patterns Patterns for certain types of cancer vary among AI/AN when compared to whites and other ethnic groups in the U.S. For example, AI/AN have significantly higher rates of stomach, gallbladder, kidney and liver cancers than the U.S. rate
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Regional Differences Cancer data for AI/AN from one region of the country cannot be used to generalize Native people living in another part of the country. All US 55.1 All IHS 40.0 Source: Cancer Mortality among AI & AN: Regional Differences, 1999-2003
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Limitations of the Data Racial misclassification Undercounting Coding errors Not enough numbers to form a conclusion Cannot be generalized to Peoples of other areas
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Cancer Survival among AI/AN AI/AN have the lowest five-year relative survival rate of all U.S. populations. Potential contributing factors: Culture and values Poor compliance with recommended treatment Late detection of cancer Lower socioeconomic status Lack of timely access to state-of-the-art diagnostic treatment methods Genetic risk factors Presence of other disease conditions Obesity Diabetes
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Barriers to Care Lack of materials and programs that are culturally relevant Lack of AI/AN health providers Lack of education and training opportunities English as a second language Poverty Transportation Cultural beliefs surrounding cancer
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Improving Cancer Survival Survival can be improved by: Increasing participation in screening and early detection services Reducing barriers to care Reducing risk factors for cancer Promoting healthy lifestyles
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In Summary… You now have an understanding of: How data affects our understanding of cancer as a health concern for AI/AN. Factors that contribute to later- stage cancer diagnosis among AI/AN. Ways to improve cancer survival for AI/AN.
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