1. Open Ocean Notes 1. How is the open ocean different from the neritic zone?  Less sunlight—Surface Zone (200 m) is only layer the sun penetrates  The water has fewer nutrients  Less sunlight + fewer nutrients = LESS FOOD FOR ANIMALS 2.Where is algae (phytoplankton) found in the open ocean?  The surface zone  Algae is the base of the open ocean food web  Many open ocean animals stay in deep water during the day and surface at night to feed.

2. Open Ocean Notes THE DEEP ZONE 1.What is the deep zone like?  Very cold and dark  Food is limited and difficult to find 2.How do animals in the deep zone survive?  Bioluminescence is used to attract prey or confuse predators.  Many have evolved to be very good hunters with big teeth and big mouths so prey can’t escape from them.

3. Open Ocean Notes Hydrothermal Vents 1.Hydrothermal Vent—OCEAN WATER  sinks through cracks in the ocean floor  gets heated by magma  then rises again through a different crack in the ocean floor  Extremely HOT! 2.What makes a Hydrothermal Vent environment so different from the other parts of the deep ocean?  Bacteria feed on chemical nutrients from the vents (chemosynthesis)  Bacteria are the base of the food web  Tube worms, giant clams, and scuttle crabs live there!