1. INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DAT10503

2. Introduction LECTURER: PUAN ROSFUZAH ROSLAN ROOM NO: A-004-04 OFFICE TELEPHONE NO: 07-4538269 H/P NO: 016-7256485 E-MAIL: rosfuzah@uthm.edu.myrosfuzah@uthm.edu.my

3. MODULE – compulsory! RM16.00

4. HOW DO YOU FEEL TODAY?

5. Rules for Class Attendance: Legitimate excuses for missing class – I was injured and was taken to the hospital (and here is the note from the doctor/paramedic/ambulance driver) – I was sick (and here is the note from the Dean/doctor) – I am on the verge of a nervous breakdown (and here is the note from the Dean/licensed mental health care professional) – I play competitive sports and will be away that day for a match (and here is a note from UTHM sports administration) – My dorm room flooded/burned down/fell over in an earthquake (and here is the notice from the newspaper/the Dean/the Fire Marshal/the Army Corps of Engineers) – A close relative was very sick/injured/dying/dead so I had to fly out of town (and here is the notice from my family/the Dean/the hospital/the funeral home)

6. Dress Code

7. Test your understanding What is a computer? Give the definition of data, information and information technology.

8. Objectives Define the term data, information & IT Explain the information processing cycle Distinguish between input, output, system unit, storage & communication device Explain on the revolution of computer & programming language Categorize different types of computer

9. – Electronic device that accept data, process the data according to specified rules, produce results and store the results for future use. What is a Computer?

10. Definition Data - Collection of unprocessed items Information - Processed data Information Technology - Methods & techniques used in information handling and retrieval by automatic means

11. Data, Process & Information

12. Information Processing Cycle

13. Components of a Computer – Input devices – Output devices – System unit – Storage devices – Communication device

14. Video – Parts of a Personal Computer (PC)

15. Input Devices Any hardware that allows you to enter data & instructions

16. Output Devices Any hardware that conveys information to one or more people

17. System Unit A case that contains electronic components used to process data. Two main components on motherboard: – Processor – Memory

18. Storage Devices Holds data, instructions & information for future use.

19. Communication Device Hardware component that enables a computer to send & receive data, instructions & information. MOdulator DEModulator A modem is a communications device that can be either internal or external to your computer. It allows one computer to connect another computer and transfer data over telephone lines

20. Advantages of Using Computers Speed – process billions or trillions operations in a single second Reliability – rarely break or fail Consistency – GIGO (Garbage In Garbage Out) Storage – store data for future use Communications – communicate with other computers, often wirelessly

21. Disadvantages of Using Computer Violation of privacy – personal & confidential records were not protected Public safety – do not share information that would allow others to identify & locate you Labor force – companies outsource jobs to foreign countries Health risks – prolonged or improper computer use will cause injuries (hands, wrists, elbows, eyes, neck) Environment – computers discarded in landfills, release toxic materials

22. Revolution of Computer Abacus – Used for +, -, *, / Al-Khasi Calculating Machine – Used to calculate lunar eclipse, the longitude of moon, sun & planet. Pascal Calculating Machine – Blaise Pascal

23. Revolution of Computer Leibnitz Calculating Machine – Can be used to perform * and / Babbage Analytical Machine – Introduced by Babbage – Cannot be completed

24. Revolution of Computer Hollerith Punch Machine – Created by Dr Herman Hollerith – Used to process the census in US

25. Computer Programming Language A programming language is a formal language designed to communicate instructions to a machine, particularly a computer.formal languageinstructionsmachinecomputer Programming languages can be used to create programs that control the behavior of a machine and/or to express algorithms precisely.programsalgorithms

26. Revolution of Programming Language Two types: – Low level language Machine language Assembly language – High level language Procedural language 4GL Swap: lw $t0, 0($a0)# t0 gets num1 lw $t1, 0($a1)# t1 gets num2 sw $t0, 0($a1)# num2 gets t0 sw $t1, 0($a0)# num1 gets t1 jr $ra 0010 1010 0001 1101 0011 1100 1010 1111 0101 0110 1101 0101 1101 1111 0010 1001 #include int main() { printf(“Welcome to Intro to IT Class"); return 0; } SELECT customer_state, COUNT(customer_id) As total FROM customers GROUP BY customer_state HAVING COUNT(customer_id) > 5

27. Categories of Computers Personal computer Mobile computer & mobile devices Game consoles

28. Categories of Computers Servers - responds to requests across a computer network to provide, or helpcomputer network to provide, a network service. Servers can be run on a dedicatednetwork service computer, which is also often referred to as "the server", but many networked computers are capable of hosting servers. Mainframes - Mainframes are designed to handle very high volume input and output (I/O) and emphasize throughput computing. Computers used primarily by corporate and governmental organizations for critical applications, bulk data processing such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and transaction processing. enterprise resource planningtransaction processing

29. Categories of Computers Supercomputers Supercomputers are often purpose-built for one or a very few specific institutional tasks (E.g. Simulation and Modeling). Embedded computers

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