1. Review Time

2. Photosynthesis

3. Where does photosynthesis take place in the cell? Chloroplast

4. What are the reactants of photosynthesis? Sunlight, water, Carbon dioxide

5. What are the products of photosynthesis? Glucose and Oxygen

6. What is made in the Calvin cycle? Glucose

7. List organisms that can make their own food Plants, algae, (some) bacteria

8. What is required in the light- dependent reaction? Light

9. Cellular Respiration

10. What are the reactants of cellular respiration? Glucose, oxygen

11. What are the products cellular respiration? Water, carbon dioxide, ATP

12. What is the equation for cellular respiration? C6H12O6 + O2  H2O + CO2+ATP

13. Where is the most ATP produced in Cellular Respiration? ETC! Electron Transport Chain

14. What is Glycolysis? Process of breaking down glucose into 2 pyruvates

15. How many pyruvates are made by 1 glucose? 2 pyruvates!

16. Where does Kreb’s cycle and ETC take place in the cell? Mitochondria!

17. What does Aerobic Respiration mean? Oxygen is required

18. An example of anaerobic respiration is Fermentation (Alcoholic or Lactic acid)

19. What are the 2 types of fermentation? Alcoholic and Lactic Acid Fermentation

20. DNA

21. What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? Sugar, Phosphate Group, Nitrogenous Base

22. In DNA what are the 4 Nitrogenous bases? Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine

23. Adenine pairs with who? Thymine

24. Guanine pairs with who? Cytosine

25. If there are 30% adenine how many % of thymine are there? ___%Cytosine? 30% thymine 20% cytosine

26. What is the shape of DNA called? Double Helix

27. Which 2 part of the nucleotide makes the “backbone” of DNA? Sugar and Phosphate

28. Name 3 differences between DNA and RNA 1.RNA has Uracil/DNA has Thymine 2.RNA is single strand/ DNA is double 3.RNA can leave the nucleus where DNA can not

29. What is the name of the bond that holds the nitrogenous bases together? Hydrogen Bond

30. Cell Growth and Division

31. Cell cycle The Cell cycle consists of 4 stages what are they? G1 S phase G2 Mitosis

32. Which 3 stage of cell cycle is Interphase? G1, S phase, G2

33. What is happening to the DNA in S Phase? DNA is Replicated

34. What are the 4 phases of Mitosis? Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

35. During Metaphase what is happening to the chromosome? They line up in the middle

36. What type of cell is made through Mitosis? Somatic Cells, Body cells

37. After Mitosis how many daughter cells are created? Are they identical? 2 Daughter cells Yes

38. Are the daughter cells diploid or haploid through mitosis? Diploid =2n Same as parent

39. Meiosis

40. What type of cells are made through meiosis? Sex cells Gametes: Sperm and Egg

41. How many daughter cells are made through meiosis? 4 Daughter cells

42. Are the daughter cells of meiosis haploid or diploid? 1n Haploid ½ number if parent

43. If a parent cell has 8 chromosomes, after meiosis how many chromosomes are in each daughter cell? 4 chromosomes

44. What is cancer? Uncontrolled Cell growth

45. What are some environmental factors that can affect our genes/ cancer? Drugs, Chemicals, sun, pollution, radiation, temperature, mutation etc…

46. Transcription and Translation

47. Where can you find mRNA? Nucleus and cytoplasm (ribosome)

48. What is the purpose of mRNA? To take DNA’s message to Ribosome to make proteins

49. What is the nitrogenous bases that is only found in RNA not DNA? Uracil

50. A Codon is made up of how many nitrogen bases? 3

51. What does RNA polymerase do? It adds RNA nitrogen base to DNA

52. Where does protein synthesis take place? Ribosome

53. What is the name of RNA that is found in the Ribosome? tRNA

54. What are the monomers of protein? Amino Acids

55. What is the job of tRNA? To add amino acids by reading mRNA codons and make proteins

56. What is translation? Turning mRNA’s codon into Amino Acids and ultimately proteins