1. Introduction to Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 19

2. I. Study of Nuclear Reactions Nuclear Reactions vs. Chemical Reactions Define “ Chemical Reaction”?

3. Define “Nuclear Reaction” Reaction involving spontaneous emission of radiation by an unstable nuclei to a more stable nuclei of a different element. Involves changes within nucleus. Atoms of each element do not balance. Spontaneous change of a radioisotope.

4. II. Types of Nuclear Radiation ** Responsible for properties of top three!!

5. Example Nuclear Reactions:

6. Rules For Balancing Nuclear Reactions: 1.The sum of the mass numbers of the reactants must equal the sum of the mass number of the products. *Total # nucleons remain the same. 2.The sum of the atomic numbers of the reactants must equal the sum of the mass number of the products. * Electrical charge remains the same.

7. What kind of radiation is produced in the following nuclear reaction?

8. III. Radioactive Decay Rates Follows First Order Kinetics Commonly described by “half-life”. t 1/2 “The time required for half the radioactive atoms in a sample to undergo decay.”

9. Derived From Integrated Rate Law:

10. Examples of Half-Lives

11. Iodine-131 (t 1/2 = 8 days)

12. Example Problem: The value of t 1/2 for I-131 is 8 days. How many I-131 atoms will remain after 24 days in a sample originally containing 6.4 x 10 16 I-131 atoms?