1. Warm-Up #13 10/19/11 1)What are two main differences between animal and plant cells? 2)Who was the plant scientist in the cell theory? 3)Who was the animal scientist? * You have 10 minutes to get the warm-up done and make sure the homework is done from yesterday.

2. Scientists and Theories

3. Essential Question  What is the cause behind most infectious diseases?

4. Robert Hooke  1665  Coined term cell by looking at cork (plant) that resembled monastery’s tiny rooms.  Saw cell walls  Cell—the basic unit of life  Used compound microscope

6. Anton van Leeuwenhoek  1674  First person to see living things!

7. Francesco Redi  1668  First controlled experiment!!  Control was leaving one jar open— the experiment in the absence of the IV  IV was the degree of coverage— gauze or completely sealed off  DV was the result—did maggots appear?

8. Redi’s Experiment

9. What three men contributed to the cell theory?  Plant guy—Matthias Schleiden  Animal guy—Theodor Schwann  Cell guy—Rudolph Virchow

10. Robert Koch  Developed a series of rules to identify microorganisms that cause specific diseases.  First to isolate tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax!  Won the Nobel Prize for TB.

11. 1. Pathogen should be found in the body of a sick organism and not in a healthy one. 2. Pathogen must be isolated and grown in a laboratory in pure culture. Koch’s Postulates

12. 3. When cultured pathogens are placed in a new host, the host should get the same disease. 4. The pathogen should be isolated from the second host. It must be identical to the original.

13. Louis Pasteur  Discovered fermentation of beer and wine is caused by microorganisms.  Developed ‘Pasteurization’ for beer, wine, and milk.  Developed vaccines for anthrax and rabies.

14. Louis Pasteur  With the help of Robert Koch, Pasteur came up with the….

15. Germ Theory of Disease  Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms of different types, commonly called germs.

16. Disease  Disease – any change, other than injury, that disrupts the normal function of the body.

17. Lynn Margulis  Proposed that eukaryotic cells arose from living communities of prokaryotic cells.  Called the endosymbiotic theory.

18. You must have at least 5 sentneces done before you leave today!