1. GIS Implementation: Issues and Strategies RNR-GEOG 417/517 Fall, 2000

2. GIS Implementation: Focusing Questions  What types of people might be involved in GIS processes?  What happens if implementation succeeds?  What happens if it does not succeed?  What is the typical management response?

3. GIS and Management Issues  Lack of understanding  Lack of commitment  Fear of change  Organizational structure (inertia)  Poor communication with decision makers  Inadequate staff  Lack of funding

4. Dealing with Management Issues  Understand the organization  Understand the constraints  Establish a common vision  Estimate real costs  Conduct/commission a feasibility study  Define a conceptual approach  Develop an implementation approach

5. The Implementation Process  Determine the system requirements  Develop a conceptual design  Project organization  Implementation strategy plan  Physical design  Pilot projects  Redesign

6. Determine System Requirements  User needs assessment  Evaluate existing products for output  Examine organizational issues

7. Develop a Conceptual Design  Evaluate data, needs, and available technology  Develop logical structure of the database  Determine accuracy/precision needs

8. Project Organization  Develop management plan  Identify team members  Develop a timeline for informational purposes

9. Implementation Strategy Plan  Define the overall approach for implementation  Include acquisition plan  Coordinate application design and development  Identify different resources

10. Physical Design  Actual detailed database design  System infrastructure design  Network/access planning  Physical space layout  Training facilities?

11. Pilot Projects  Test the physical design of the system  Allow for refinement of needs  Evaluate overall plan  Spatial subsets and thematic subsets

12. Redesign  Part of any design process  Evaluate results of pilot project  Update the planning documents as necessary