1. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON NUCLEAR WASTE DISPOSAL Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel from NPP Krško Tine LOGONDER

2. Background Operating time of NPP Krško (*1984 - †2023) Long term management of radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel from NPP Krško Agreement between Croatia and Slovenia Necesarry to find technically acceptable and safe permanent solution – DISPOSAL IN DEEP GEOLOGICAL FORMATIONS

3. Model used Concept of SF was never devloped in Slovenia or Croatia Swedish concept has been taken as a reference The most devloped waste disposal concept Has been allready adopted by Finland Very avanced cost assessment methodology Model is devloped on next persumptions: Operating of NPP will end in 2023 Only disposal – no reprocessing of SF Respository in hard rock enviroment (depth 500m) Storage capacity of respository will be 1531 +/- 20 fuel assemblies (620 tons)

4. Respository (description) Buildigns which creates a respository: Operations building Storage building Garage building maintenance and service building ventilation building production building for high- pressure compacting of bentonite and preparation of backfill materials office and workshop building information center rock stockpiles.

5. Ways to undergroun level For personal: SERVICE SHAFT (5m in light profile – 2 elevators) For waste and other cargo: SPIRAL RAMP (15m curve radius and 10% slope)

6. Canister Disposal Deposited into 1.8 m diameter disposal bareholes Sorrounded by 35cm of betonite Spacing defined on the basis of thermal analysis Disposal of canisters will start in second year after the start of operation When disposal tunnel is full, it’ll be backfilled with compound of sand and betonite 34 or 20 disposal tunnels

7. Cost Estimate Investment costs: 207.2 mio € Backfilling/Decommissioning: 28.2 mio € Operating costs: 99.0 mio € Other costs: 124.4 mio € TOTAL: 596.4 MIO €

8. Alternatives Export of spent fuel to Russia (storage/reprocessing) – possibility opened in 2001 Areas to be solved before considering acceptable: Agreement on peaceful use of nuclear energy Get permmision from USA to export it (for ex-Yugoslavian countries)

9. We will see ;) Thank You! CONCLUSION