1. Chapter 6 Earthquakes

2. Forces in the Earth’s Crust
stress
-a force that acts on a rock to change its shape or volume
- “pushing” and “pulling” of rocks
Rock deforms in 3 ways:
-compression
-tension
-shearing

3. Kinds of Faults fault -a break or crack along which rocks move
*location of earthquake movement
Two areas of most faults:
hanging wall
-block of rock above the fault line
foot wall
-block of rock below the fault line

4. Forces in the Earth’s Crust
compression
squeezes the rocks of the crust
until it folds or breaks
-the rock becomes more dense
-convergent boundary

5. Kinds of Faults reverse fault
-a fault in which the hanging wall moves up the footwall
*caused by
compression*
Hanging wall
Footwall

6. Hanging wall
Foot wall

7. Forces in the Earth’s Crust
tension
-pulls on the rocks
of the crust, causing rocks to
stretch out over a large area
-rock becomes less dense
-divergent boundary

8. Kinds of Faults normal fault
– a fault in which the hanging wall moves down along the fault line above the footwall
*caused by
tension*

9. Hanging wall
Foot wall

10. Forces in the Earth’s Crust
shearing
-pushes rock of the crust in
two different directions
-density does not change
-transform boundary

11. Kinds of Faults strike slip fault
-a fault in which the blocks of rock move past each other sideways. There is very little “up” and “down” motion. (thrust fault)
*caused by shearing*

13. Name: Date: Class: 6.1 Pop Quiz

14. #1 #2
#3 What type of fault is this?

15. #4 #5
#6 What type of fault is this?

16. #7 What type of fault is this?

17. #9 #8
#10 What type of fault is this?

18. #11
#12
#13 What type of fault is this?

19. #14 What type of fault is this?

20. Changing Earth’s Surface
Scientists use the terms anticline and syncline to
describe upward and downward folds in rock.
anticline – a fold in rock that bends upward
syncline – a fold in rock that bends downward

24. Changing Earth’s Surface
plateau – a large area of flat land raised high above sea level
-formed when forces in the Earth’s crust push up large, flat blocks of rock