1. Calculating the use of Fertilisers in the Netherlands Anne Miek Kremer CBS

2. Presentation outline  Data sources  Law on fertilisers  Animal manure  Other Organic fertilisers  Artificial fertilisers

3. Project approach  Focus on N and P  Use of existing data sources  2006 and 2007  Animal manure: all fertilisers with manure  Organic fertilisers: compost, sewage sludge and black soils (peat)  Artificial fertilisers: artificial fertilisers and other fertilisers not mentioned before.

4. Data sources  Registration of derogation and risk farms -24.109 derogation and 14.452 risk farms 2006 -derogation; 250 kg N per ha instead of 170 kg N per ha. -transports and stock of artificial fertilisers -stock of manure  Registration of transports of manure  Registration of transports of organic fertilisers  ‘Gecombineerde Opgave’ (incl. FSS)  Registration of soils

5. Problems with data sources  New legislation in 2006  Identification of farms Example identification problem Total registered transports from farms = 112 mln kg N Matched to the FSS = 89 mln kg N Not matched to the FSS = 23 mln kg N  No data on artificial fertilisers of arable/horticulture/permanent crop holdings

6. Legislation on fertilisers I Norm animal manure –170 kg N/ha ( 250 for farms with derogation). Norm N –Depending on cultivation and soils –All fertilisers –e.g. winter wheat on clay: 245 kg N/ha –Only nitrogen available to the plant counts (e.g. 10% of N from compost is available to the plant). Norm P2O5 –Depending on cultivation and soils –All fertilisers

7. Legislation on fertilisers II  Calculation used fertilisers on the farm + stock 01-01-06 + transports to farm + production manure on farm -stock 31-12-06 -transports from farm. =fertilisers used on farm  Stock and transports: forfeits, lab results  Production grazing animals: forfeits  Production dairy cows: forfeits or farm specific  Production pigs, poultry, etc: stable balance

8. Use of manure I  Calculation + Transport to farm -Transport from farm +Production of manure on farm = Use of manure on farm  Production : excretion factors * # animals  Excretion factors : –Are not applicable on the scale of the farm –Estimated production on the farm ≠ production farmer calculates with

9. Use of manure II Conclusion: It is not possible to calculate the use of manure on the level of the farm or crop! Solution:  Aggregated level: Type of farm  Differentiation to 2 regions  Differentiation to derogation/no derogation

10. Estimating ∆ stock manure I  2006 more rigid norms  growth in stocks  Calculation of stock change: +Use manure N and P2O5 -Space for manure according to legislation =Change in stocks  Comparison with stock data of derogation and risk farms estimated P2O5 lower estimated N higher on factory farms

11. Estimating ∆ stock manure II Interpreting the stock change in N  Change in stock  Difference between production estimated by farmer and in this project Example  Space on farm = 500 kg N  Transport of manure from farm = 100 kg N  Farmer calculates production = 1.000 kg N  Change of stock = 400 kg N  We calculate production = 1.200 kg N  Change of stock = 600 kg N

12. Use of Organic fertilisers  Data of all transports, no differentiation to kind of fertiliser  Plant availability Compost: 10% of N and 50% of P2O5 Sewage sludge:40% of N and 100% of P2O5 Black Soils:0% of N and 0% of P2O5  Identification problems  2.332 farms in 2006 using 732 mln kg with 3,5 mln kg N and 1,9 mln kg P2O5.  Per farmtype per region, derogation

13. Use of Artificial fertilisers I  Data available of derogation and risk farms  38.554 farms (48%) with 1.137.594 ha (59%)  Mainly grazing livestock holdings, factory farms, mixed livestock holdings  Calculation + stock 01-01-06 + transports to farm -stock 31-12-06 -transports from farm. =artificial fertilisers used on farm

14. Use of Artificial fertilisers II  Estimation other farms +Space for use of fertilisers – Use of manure. = Use of artificial fertilisers  Per type of farm per region, derogation  Comparison with sales data

15. Conclusion I  Registrations  Calculation + stock 01-01-06 + transports to farm + production manure on farm -stock 31-12-06 -transports from farm. =fertilisers used on farm  Farm/crop level not possible  Production not reliable  Unmatched transports  Use artificial fertilisers deduced from use of manure and space

16. Conclusion II Type of farm RegionDero- gation ManureOther organic fertilisers Artificial fertilisers kg N/ha kg P/ha kg N/ha kg P/ha kg N/ha kg P/ha Dairy farms North West yes no South East yes no Root crop hol- dings North West yes no South East yes no