1. WABCO Confidential and Proprietary BRAKE SYSTEMS IN MODULAR VEHICLE COMBINATIONS Christoph Adam 02. July 2014 1 MVC-01-04

2. WABCO Confidential and Proprietary MODULAR VEHICLE COMBINATIONS Large number of variants 2 Modular Vehicle Combinations (MVCs) - combinations with more than one trailer. Examples: truck + 2 centre axle trailers tractor + semi trailer + full trailer tractor + 2 semi trailers truck + dolly + semi trailer Kind of combination and number of trailers is not limited ! MVC-01-04

3. WABCO Confidential and Proprietary MODULAR VEHICLE COMBINATIONS  The use of MVCs is strictly limited in many countries e.g. in member states of European Union as these combinations often exceed the maximum permissible values of weights and/or dimensions.  Exemptions to these limits like European Modulator System (EMS) based on 96/53/EC Article 4, 4 (b) permit the use of MVCs on national basis under certain conditions.  Since some years an increased use of MVCs is under discussion. Among other open questions a gap in UNECE R 13 was identified: There are no requirements for type approval and performance of brake systems for vehicles in MVCs. MVC in Regulations MVC-01-04

4. WABCO Confidential and Proprietary BRAKING SYSTEMS FOR MODULAR VEHICLE COMBINATIONS To close this gap, a small working group (Mercedes Benz Trucks, Knorr-Bremse, Haldex, TÜV Nord and WABCO) discussed this issue and drafted a proposal, which was presented by Clepa at GRRF No 66 as informal document 66-08. It is based on an approach as follows: 1.Current level of safety within the braking systems of MVCs shall be retained in all combined vehicles and combinations. 2.Technical compatibility between new and old vehicles should be retained as far as possible. This should fit to all possible combinations, if possible. 3.New requirements for motor vehicles should be avoided as far as possible. 4.New requirements shall be introduced for towing trailers. Background of informal document GRRF 66-08 MVC-01-04

5. WABCO Confidential and Proprietary BRAKING SYSTEMS FOR MODULAR VEHICLE COMBINATIONS 1.Current level of safety within the braking systems of MVCs shall be retained in all combined vehicles and combinations Measures and requirements regarding automatic braking of a succeeding trailer  functionality of trailer control valve, usually mounted on the motor vehicle, needs to be fulfilled by towing trailers Pneumatic and electric control and electric signals need to be transferred through the entire combination – in both directions ! Some details to keep current safety level Source: ISO 11992-2 MVC-01-04

6. WABCO Confidential and Proprietary BRAKING SYSTEMS FOR MODULAR VEHICLE COMBINATIONS Example: Transmission of electric signals in possible combinations in vehicles with / without electric control line. As safe as today ? Conclusion: All towing trailer shall be equipped with an electric control line !  Very complex ! Pragmatic approach to reduce complexity of requirements MVC-01-04

7. WABCO Confidential and Proprietary PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO UNECE Regulation No 13 Definitions New paragraphs 2.42. and 2.43. “towing trailer” and “dolly” Requirements 1.General Amend “power driven vehicle” where necessary to “power driven vehicle or towing trailer” throughout the regulation Yellow trailer warning signal via PIN 5 of ISO 7638 plus CAN message Red trailer warning signal of every trailer in an MVC (CAN message) to be displayed Clarifications to include towing trailers 2.For motor vehicles authorized to tow more than one trailer Parking brake shall activate the trailers braking system New definitions, clarifications, requirements for motor vehicles MVC-01-04

8. WABCO Confidential and Proprietary PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO UNECE Regulation No 13 Requirements 3.For towing trailers ISO 7638 connector (or ACV) on front and rear side, reduced cable cross section not permitted (to avoid voltage drop) New paragraph 5.2.2.24. for towing trailers Pneumatic and electric control line acc. to 5.1.3.1.2. required (standard for most trailers today) Not to be used with motor vehicles without pneumatic control line acc. to 5.1.2.1.3.  automatic braking of towing trailer required In analogy to requirements of motor vehicles  Remaining brake performance of a towing trailer 50 % in case of a failure in the brake system of a succeeding trailer  Automatic braking in case of a failure in one of the pneumatic connecting lines  Activation of the trailers brake alone is not permitted  Parking brake with spring brakes Transfer of motor vehicle requirements to towing trailers MVC-01-04

9. WABCO Confidential and Proprietary PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO UNECE Regulation No 13 Requirements 3.For towing trailers Parking brake shall activate brakes of succeeding trailers Same value of control pressure for all trailers in an MVC A dolly shall be considered as a centre axle trailer MVC-01-04

10. WABCO Confidential and Proprietary PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO UNECE Regulation No 13 Requirements 4.In Annexes Annex 2: documentation adapted  Motor vehicle authorized to tow more than one trailer  Trailer authorized to tow trailers Annex 6  Specific method how to measure the response time of towing trailers Annex 7  Testing in analogy to requirements of motor vehicles Annex 17: Specific requirements to check functionality of electric control lines in towing trailers  Check of parameters at front and rear connector of a towing trailer Large number of variants MVC-01-04

11. WABCO Confidential and Proprietary MVC-01-04