1. Graphic Organizers Text Structures in Informational Text

2. Detail Sequence O Definition-author uses numerical or detail order to list events O Key Words-first, second, before, after, finally, then, next,earlier

3. Chronological Order O Definition-author uses chronological order or timeline to list events O Key Words-first, second, before, after, finally, then, next,earlier

4. Comparison/Contrast O Definition- author compares/ contrast 2 or more similar events, topics, or objects O Key Words- while, yet, but, rather, most, same, either, as well as, like and unlike, as opposed to

5. Order of Importance O Definition – author organizes from most important to least important O Key Word – Least, less, most important. Job positions may be utilized, as well.

6. Cause/ Effect O Definition- author describes or outline 1 or more causes then describes the effects that follow O Key Words- because, since, if/then, due to, as a result of, for this reason, on account of, consequently

7. Problem/ Solution O Definition- author poses a problem or question then gives the answer O Key Words- propose, conclude, a solution, the reason for, the problem or the question

8. Categorization O Definition: A general topic is organized by categories O Key words: category, class, kind, classification, or type

9. Key Terms O Inferences- logical guess that is made based on facts on one’s own knowledge and experience Inferences- O Conclusion- to have an idea about something that isn't directly stated in the selection O Denotation-dictionary definition Denotation O Connotation-ideas and feeling associated with a word

10. Key Terms (con’t) O Narrator/persona- voice that tells a story O Point of view- how a writer chooses to narrate a story O 1 st person- character in story (I, me, and we) 1 st person- (I, me, and we O 3rd person omniscient- not a character, knows what all are doing 3rd person omniscient- O 3 rd person limited- not a character- tells thoughts and feeling of only 1 character

11. Key Terms (con’t) O Ad Hominem – an argument directed against a person, criticism O Example : How can you argue your case for vegetarianism when you are enjoying your steak? O Exaggeration – a statement that represents something as better or worse than it really is O Example : ”I was walking along when suddenly I saw a dog as big as an elephant. O Stereotyping – a fixed belief about a particular group or class of people. O Example: Men are strong and do all the work…..Women aren’t as smart as men….Women can’t do as good of a job as a man…..Girls are not good at sports…..Guys are messy and unclean…..Men who spend too much time on the computer are geeks O Categorical Claims – telling how one type of thing or action relates to another O Example : All flowers are things of beauty. All girls like tea parties.