1. Unit 4: Colonial Life Unit Overview

3. Connecting Back

4. Colonization and Settlement

5. Reasons people left Europe and settled in the Americas PUSH FACTORS PULL FACTORS

6. Reasons people left Europe and settled in the Americas LAND Many people did not own their own land. EMPLOYMENT There was a shortage of jobs in the cities. POPULATION The population of Europe had increased. FREEDOM There was very little religious freedom. PUSH FACTORS POPULATION There was plenty of room for people. FREEDOM There was the hope of more freedom. PULL FACTORS LAND There was the opportunity to own land. EMPLOYMENT There were jobs available.

7. Jamestown

8. 1619 A ship carrying 20 Africans arrived in Jamestown. The first Africans arrived in Jamestown in 1619. Records are unclear but most historians think they were treated like indentured servants. As more workers were needed, Africans were enslaved and treated as property.

9. 1619 Jamestown was allowed to elect a group of lawmakers and form its own legislature. The colony was given the right to set up a lawmaking group, or legislature. Virginia’s legislature was called the House of Burgesses. This was because a “burgess” was a representative who is chosen by people to make decisions for them. This was the first legislature in the English colonies.

10. The Development of the Southern Colonies

11. Virginia in 1624 King James took away the charter he had given the Virginia Company and made the colony a ‘royal colony.’ This meant the governor would now be appointed by the king.

12. Maryland Maryland was founded by a proprietor, or person who was given land for a colony by the king.

14. North Carolina South Carolina

15. Georgia

16. Plymouth: Religious Freedom and Early English Settlements

17. Pull Factors Jamestown Settlers Pilgrims EconomicReligious

18. The Mayflower Compact IN THE NAME OF GOD, AMEN. We whose names are underwritten, the loyal subjects of our dread sovereign Lord, King James, by the grace of God, of Great Britain, France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, etc. Having undertaken, for the glory of God, and advancement of the Christian faith and honor of our King and Country, a voyage to plant the first colony in the northern parts of Virginia, do by these presents, solemnly and mutually in the presence of God, and of one another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politic, for our better ordering and preservation and furtherance of the ends aforesaid; and by virtue hereof to enact, constitute and frame such just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions and offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general good of the Colony: unto which we promise all due submission and obedience. IN WITNESS WHEREOF we have hereunder subscribed our names at Cape Cod, the 11 of November, the year of the reign of our sovereign Lord James; of England, France and Ireland the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-fourth. Ano Dom. 1620.

19. The Development of the New England Colonies

20. English Settlers in New England

21. Salem

22. Boston

23. The Development of Rhode Island

24. Narragansett Bay and Rhode Island

25. Connecticut Because Massachusetts was so rocky, people began looking for better farm land in the Connecticut River Valley Others began to come to the area for religious reasons. The best known was Rev. Thomas Hooker.

26. Connecticut River

27. New Hampshire People looking for better farmland headed north of Massachusetts and settled along the Merrimack River. Others came to the same area trying to escape the strict Puritan way of life.

28. Merrimack River

29. Settlements in the Middle: New Amsterdam and Quaker Settlements

32. The Development of the Middle Colonies

33. STUYVESANT TEARING UP THE LETTER DEMANDING SURRENDER New York

36. Jamestown Plymouth Early settlements develop based on geographic, economic and cultural factors. Southern Colonies New England 13 colonies develop in 3 distinct regions. Middle Colonies England begins to claim land along the Atlantic coast. Lesson 8 – Unit 3

37. New EnglandThe Middle ColoniesThe Southern Colonies Geographic Factors Economic Factors Cultural/Social Factors Healthy climate Settlement in coastal areas Settlement along rivers Healthy climate Fertile land good for growing grains Settlement in coastal areas Settlement along rivers Settlement in coastal areas Settlements along rivers Fertile land good for cash crops like tobacco and rice Long growing season Forests for lumbering Fishing Some small farms Manufacturing of things like ships Small and large farms Some manufacturing big plantations and small farms Religion Farms surrounded towns where religion was very important Religion Many diverse cultural groups People of the same culture like Germans settled together People were more spread out and there were few towns Comparing Regional Settlement Patterns

38. A wide variety of economic activities New England Colonies Middle ColoniesSouthern Colonies Settlements along rivers Religion Mainly English settlers Many diverse cultural groups People and settlements more spread out Fertile land New England MiddleSouthern

39. Interactions between Native Americans and English Settlers

40.  Disease  Loss of land  Loss of hunting areas  Enslavement Interactions between Native Americans and English Settlers Benefits to Native Americans Consequences Different Perspectives Conflict Effects Causes  About land  About religion Trade New Technology  Different points of view  Taking of land  Many deaths  Native Americans lose more land Lesson 9 – Unit 3

41. How did the desire for freedom affect English settlement in the colonies? What kinds of freedom were people looking for?

42. 32 contradiction when two ideas or actions are in conflict SS050309) Were there contradictions relating to freedom in the times of early settlement?

44. BeliefContradiction Owning land is important Native American land was taken. Religious freedom is important There was a large push to convert Native Americans to Christianity Freedom to make your own choices is important Native Americans were denied freedom.

45. Page(s) Conflict or Cooperation What happened? 50ConflictThe Spanish forced Indians to work in mines 50CooperationThe Spanish traded with American Indians 57ConflictThe Spanish fought with American Indians who opposed them. 61ConflictPonce de Leon skilled many native people 61ConflictAmerican Indians resented the invasion and attacked 66CooperationLaSalle learned American Indian languages. 67ConflictAmerican Indians were enslaved 74CooperationRoanoke Island had friendly people. 76CooperationAmerican Indians brought food to Jamestown 76ConflictLocal tribes attacked people outside of Jamestown. 76CooperationFor a time American Indians and colonists were at peace. 76ConflictAmerican Indians were tired of losing their land and attacked Jamestown 78CooperationAmerican Indians helped the Pilgrims. 79CooperationAmerican Indians and the Pilgrims signed a peace treaty

46. Conflict Increases Jamestown More and more Powhatan land was taken for tobacco Conflicts between Native Americans and settlers increased. 1622: angry Native Americans killed over 300 settlers Colonists fought back in an all-out war. Powhatans defeated and the last of their lands were taken.

47. Conflict Increases The Pequot War 1637: fighting broke out between colonists and the Pequots in the Connecticut River Valley Cause: loss of Native American land. Effect: Pequots defeated and more land was taken.

48. Conflict Increases King Phillip’s War Tensions had grown between the Wampanoag and the Plymouth settlers. One continuing problem: the trampling of Native American cornfields by colonists’ livestock. Also: competition for resources such as land for planting, hunting and fishing.In 1662: Plymouth Court summoned Wamsutta,, Wampanoag leader, to Plymouth. Taken by gunpoint - Later he sickened and died. His brother Metacom became the Wampanoag leader. Tensions continued to rise and in 1675 conflict broke out. The war spread as far north as New Hampshire and as far southwest as Connecticut. Many people were killed on both sides. War ended in 1676 when Metacom (Philip) was killed. Results: many tribes were forced off their lands and very few Native Americans remained along the eastern seacoast of New England.

49. Cause Settlers pushed Native Americans off land. Cause Competition for Resources Cause Native American crops were trampled by settler animals. Effect English colonists began to settle in new areas. Effect Native Americans were pushed farther and farther west. Effect Many people were killed on both sides. Conflicts between Native Americans and English settlers

51. Colonial Life

52. From Comparing Early Regional Settlement Patterns to Comparing Colonial Regions.

53. Lesson Sequence Lesson 1:Life in the New England Colonies Lesson 2:Life in the Middle Colonies Lesson 3:Life in the Southern Colonies Lesson 4:Comparing Colonial Regions Lesson 5:Triangular Trade and the Middle Passage Lesson 6:Slavery in the Colonies Lesson 7:The Colonial Economy Lesson 8: Colonial Government: Foundations of Self-Government Lesson 9:Colonial Life from Different Perspectives

54. Wall Timeline 1700 1500 1600 1800 175016501550