1. Cognitive Therapy in Groups: Guidelines and Resources for Practice, Second Edition. By Michael Free. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Cognitive Therapy in Groups Session 4 Appropriate Logic

2. Cognitive Therapy in Groups: Guidelines and Resources for Practice, Second Edition. By Michael Free. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Examples of Automatic Thoughts with Logical Errors

3. Cognitive Therapy in Groups: Guidelines and Resources for Practice, Second Edition. By Michael Free. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Examples of Appropriate Logic Appropriate Prediction Relative “Shades of Grey” Thinking, Statement of Desire Objective assessment, Big Picture Thinking Appropriate Logic I’ll probably enjoy myself Thinking about going to a party It’s a minor matter I would prefer that he doesn’t criticise me Your boss criticises you This is a set back, but I still have my talent Bike smash when you’re an Olympic hopeful This referee is usually fair Referee awards penalty in dubious circumstance against your team Appropriate Thought Activating event

4. Cognitive Therapy in Groups: Guidelines and Resources for Practice, Second Edition. By Michael Free. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Logical ErrorAppropriate Logic More Dire Than JustifiedObjective Assessment- big picture thinking Unjustified Negative PredictionBig picture Thinking/ Appropriate probability False AbsoluteAccurate description OvergeneralisationAccurate description- big picture thinking Black & White ThinkingRelative ‘Shades of Grey’ thinking Biased WeightingEven-handed weighting Ignoring FactsConsideration of ALL the information Invalid Allocation Of ResponsibilityValid Allocation Of Responsibility, considering all factors Mind ReadingStay with the evidence Must Or ShouldStatement of desire Emotional ReasoningAnalysis of Pros and Cons Logical Errors and Appropriate Logic

5. Cognitive Therapy in Groups: Guidelines and Resources for Practice, Second Edition. By Michael Free. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Kind of ShouldAppropriate Logic Recommendatory I recommend that you … Predictive I predict … Ideal In an ideal world… Empirical Because there is a natural law if … then … Preferential I would prefer that Conditional For … to happen, …. Has to happen first Desire My desire is … Alternatives to Absolute Shoulds

6. Cognitive Therapy in Groups: Guidelines and Resources for Practice, Second Edition. By Michael Free. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Phone call from student DepressionI’ll never get my book done Filling in Logical Errors on the ACB Worksheet UNP, FA

7. Cognitive Therapy in Groups: Guidelines and Resources for Practice, Second Edition. By Michael Free. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. I’ll never get my book done UNP Appropriate Probability What is the real probability, or most accurate prediction of whether I will get the book finished, based on all the circumstances and past evidence? FA Accurate description Example of Appropriate Logic Worksheet

8. Cognitive Therapy in Groups: Guidelines and Resources for Practice, Second Edition. By Michael Free. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Questions to Challenge Logical Errors More Dire Than Justified What are the facts? How bad is it really? Unjustified Negative prediction/Overgeneralisation What are all the possible outcomes What is the probability of each? Invalid Allocation Of Responsibility Who/ what has responsibility here? How much? Mindreading What is the evidence about their thoughts? Biased Weighting Am I considering all the sources of evidence evenly? Not considering all the factsWhat facts am I not considering? Black & White Thinking/False AbsolutesAre there in-between possibilities? Arbitrary Thinking (Should) Is this a natural law? What is my desire? Emotional ReasoningAm I using facts to make my conclusion?

9. Cognitive Therapy in Groups: Guidelines and Resources for Practice, Second Edition. By Michael Free. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Individual Work from Session 4 1.Go through all your ABCs to date and identify the Logical Errors. Use appropriate alternate logic to generate questions. 2.Try to catch yourself making Logical Errors ‘in the moment’ or as soon after as you can. Keep a diary to record both successful and unsuccessful attempts to use appropriate logic. 3.You can use the worksheets provided for many of these activities.