1. 1 Entering the Public Dialogue With Confidence: Your First Speech Chapter 2

2. 2 General Purposes To inform To inform To persuade To persuade To invite To invite To introduce To introduce To commemorate To commemorate To accept To accept

3. 3 Informative Speech Communicates knowledge and understanding about a process, an event, a person or place, an object, or a concept (Chapter 15) Informative Speech by Chelsey Penoyer (partial: 35 sec.) Click image to play video; “alt” & “enter” keys for full screen. Windows Media Player required

4. 4 To explore and understand many sides to an issue To explore and understand many sides to an issue When audience is polarized about an issue When audience is polarized about an issue Invitational Speech

5. 5 To set stage for dialogue to clarify positions, explore issues and ideas or share beliefs & values To set stage for dialogue to clarify positions, explore issues and ideas or share beliefs & values Rather than try to change other people, we speak invitationally to try to understand them Rather than try to change other people, we speak invitationally to try to understand them (Chapter 16)

6. 6 Persuasive Speech Attempts to change or reinforce an audience’s thoughts, feelings or actions (Chapter 17) Attempts to change or reinforce an audience’s thoughts, feelings or actions (Chapter 17) Persuasive Speech by Jessica Fuller (partial: 1 min. 14 sec.) Click image to play video; “alt” & “enter” keys for full screen. Windows Media Player required.

7. 7 Introductory Speech Present information about yourself, another person, or an event to an audience Present information about yourself, another person, or an event to an audience (Chapter 19) See page 40 for the Self-Introduction speech by Tiffany Brisco

8. 8 Commemorative Speech To praise, honor, recognize, or pay tribute to a person, an event, an idea or an institution To praise, honor, recognize, or pay tribute to a person, an event, an idea or an institution (Chapter 19) Tribute Speech by Tara Flanagan (partial: 1 min. 8 sec.) Click image to play video; “alt” & “enter” keys for full screen. Windows Media Player required.

9. 9 Acceptance Speech To acknowledge your gratitude, appreciation, and pleasure at receiving an honor or a gift To acknowledge your gratitude, appreciation, and pleasure at receiving an honor or a gift (Chapter 19)

10. 10 Canons of Rhetoric : Invention Invention Arrangement Arrangement Style Style Memory Memory Delivery Delivery

11. 11 Consider the topic, or the subject Consider the topic, or the subject (Chapter 4) Determine your purpose or reason for speaking Determine your purpose or reason for speaking (Chapter 4) Identify your audience Identify your audience (Chapter 5) Canon of Invention

12. 12 Selecting a Speech Topic Based on your interests, hobbies, & skills Based on your interests, hobbies, & skills Brainstorming using free association, categories, or technology Brainstorming using free association, categories, or technology

13. 13 Canon of Arrangement Guidelines for ordering the ideas in a speech Guidelines for ordering the ideas in a speech (Chapter 9)

14. 14 Canon of Style The guidelines for using language effectively & appropriately The guidelines for using language effectively & appropriately (Chapters 3 & 12)

15. 15 Canon of Memory The time you take to rehearse your speech & the ways you prompt yourself to remember the speech as you give it The time you take to rehearse your speech & the ways you prompt yourself to remember the speech as you give it (Chapter 13)

16. 16 Canon of Delivery Guidelines for managing your voice, gestures, posture, facial expressions & visual aids as you present your speech Guidelines for managing your voice, gestures, posture, facial expressions & visual aids as you present your speech (Chapter 13)

17. 17 Trait Anxiety Apprehensive about communicating with others in any situation Apprehensive about communicating with others in any situation

18. 18 State or Situational Anxiety Public speaking anxiety (PSA) Public speaking anxiety (PSA) –Some level of state anxiety about public speaking –Nervousness is normal Check out Interactive Activity 2.2: Connecting with the Audience at the Invitation to Public Speaking website.

19. 19 Reducing Nervousness Prepare Prepare Practice Practice Be realistic Be realistic Visualize success Visualize success Affirm strengths Affirm strengths Connect with audience Connect with audience