2. An Analysis of Rhtorical Criticism: Exploration & Practice Report By: Kyle Smith

3. The Book Title: ◦Rhetorical Criticism: Exploration & Practice Author: ◦Sonja K. Foss Publisher: ◦Waveland Press, Inc.

4. Chapter 3 For this PowerPoint, I decided upon chapter 3. ◦The primary focus of this chapter was on Neo- Aristotelian Criticism.

5. Neo-Aristotelian Criticism The first formal method of rhetorical criticism developed in the communication field. ◦Also called neo-classical or traditional criticism. ◦Primary focus is rhetorical effect. ◦First suggested in 1925 by Herbert Wichelns.

6. Herbert A. Wichelns First suggested the central features of neo-Aristotelian criticism. ◦“The Literary Criticism of Oratory”  Distinguished literary criticism from rhetorical criticism. Prior to 1925, there was no clear understanding of what rhetorical criticism was.

7. Procedures for Neo-Aristotelian Criticism 1) Selecting an Artifact 2) Analyzing the Artifact 3) Formulating the Research Question 4) Writing the Essay

8. 1. Selecting the Artifact Generally speeches Written language Produced by a rhetor about which some biographical information is available.

9. 2. Analyzing the Artifact Reconstructing the context ◦Information about the rhetor ◦Occasion on which the speech is given ◦Nature of the audience

10. 2. Analyzing the Artifact (con’t) Applying the Canons of Rhetoric (Cicero) 1.Invention 2 types of proof Inartistic Artistic Logos Logical argument Pathos Emotional appeal Ethos Credibility

11. 2. Analyzing the Artifact (con’t) 1.Invention 2.Organization (Arrangement) Determine the general pattern of arrangement Chronological order Problem-Solution order

12. 2. Analyzing the Artifact (con’t) 1.Invention 2.Organization (Arrangement 3.Style (Expression) Determining the general effect that results Common and ordinary Forceful and robust Stately and ornate

13. 2. Analyzing the Artifact (con’t) 1.Invention 2.Organization (Arrangement 3.Style (Expression) 4.Delivery  Rhetor’s mode of presentation ◦ Delivered impromptu ◦ Delivered from memory ◦ Delivered extemporaneously ◦ Delivered from a manuscript  Bodily actions  Vocal skill

14. 2. Analyzing the Artifact (con’t) 1.Invention 2.Organization (Arrangement 3.Style (Expression) 4.Delivery 5.Memory Rhetor’s control of the materials from the speech. Relation of memory to the mode of presentation selected

15. 3. Formulating a Research Question “Did the rhetor use the available means of persuasion to evoke the intended response from the audience?”

16. 4. Writing the Essay Five Major Components 1)Introduction 2)Description of the artifact 3)Description of the method of criticism 4)Report of the findings of the analysis 5)Discussion of the contribution the analysis makes to the rhetorical theory

17. References Foss, Sonja K. Rhetorical Criticism: Exploration & Practice. Waveland Press, Inc. Denver, CO. Ayotte, Kevin. Image: http://www.amazon.com/Rhetorical- Criticism-Exploration-Sonja- Foss/dp/1577663187 http://www.amazon.com/Rhetorical- Criticism-Exploration-Sonja- Foss/dp/1577663187