1. The Moon & Earth’s Tilt

2. What is the Moon? A large rock that orbits a planet The Earth has 1 moon Moons orbit planets Planets orbit the sun

3. Moon Facts The moon is 240,000 miles from Planet Earth. The moon rotates counterclockwise. There are holes on the moon’s surface called craters. The moon gets its light from the reflection of the sun.

4. The Sun, Earth, & Moon

5. Animation of Earth, Moon, & Sun Animated Movement of the Moon, Earth, & Sun Animated Movement of the Moon, Earth, & Sun

6. Why doesn’t the moon look the same? As the moon orbits around the earth, the light from the sun shines on it. From earth, we can only see certain portions of the lit moon. It takes 1 month, approx. 29 days, for the moon to completely orbit the Earth.

7. Animation of the Moon Phases Moon Phase Animation Throughout a month, the moon’s position changes & we can only see some parts of the illuminated moon.

8. The Moon Causes Tides Tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the moon. There are two types of tides: High & Low High tide occurs twice a day.

9. Tide Images High Tide Low Tide

10. Diagram of the Moon Phases The sun is always shining on the moon. From earth we can only see certain parts of the moon that are lit by the sun.

11. Diagram of the Moon Phases The moon is lit by the sun. However, the lit side of the moon cannot be seen from Earth. The moon appears black during the NEW MOON PHASE. NEW MOON

12. Diagram of the Moon Phases The moon is lit by the sun. We can only see a small portion of the lit moon from Earth. It is called a WAXING CRESCENT. WAXING CRESCENT

13. Diagram of the Moon Phases The moon is lit by the sun. We can see half of the lit moon from Earth. It is called a WAXING HALF MOON or a FIRST QUARTER MOON. WAXING HALF MOON (1 ST QUARTER)

14. Diagram of the Moon Phases The moon is lit by the sun. We can see a lot of the lit moon from Earth. It is called a WAXING GIBBOUS. WAXING GIBBOUS

15. Diagram of the Moon Phases The moon is lit by the sun. We can see the entire lit moon from Earth. This is the FULL MOON phase. FULL MOON

16. Diagram of the Moon Phases The moon is lit by the sun. We can see a lot of the lit moon from Earth. This phase is called the WANING GIBBOUS. WANING GIBBOUS

17. Diagram of the Moon Phases The moon is lit by the sun. We can see half of the lit moon from Earth. This is known as the WANING HALF MOON or LAST QUARTER. WANING HALF MOON (LAST QUARTER)

18. Diagram of the Moon Phases The moon is lit by the sun. We can only see a small portion of the lit moon from Earth. This is called the WANING CRESCENT. WANING CRESCENT

19. The Phases Build Upon One Another:

20. Let’s look at the phases all together:

21. Earth’s Tilt

22. Day & Night

23. What is tilting? The earth is tilted on its axis 23.5 degrees. http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/space/solars ystem/images/earth_tilt.jpg

24. How does the earth move? Rotation – one complete turn on earth’s axis. – Takes approximately 24 hours to make one turn. (1 day) Revolution – one complete orbit of the earth around the sun. – Takes approximately 365 ¼ days. (1 year) So why do we have leap year?

25. What causes day & night? As earth rotates on its axis, it turns towards and away from the sun. DAY TIME is when your half of the earth is facing the sun. NIGHTIME is when your half of the earth is turned away from the sun.

27. Seasons

28. Why are there seasons? It takes Earth 1 year to orbit around the sun. As Earth orbits, it is tilted at different angles towards/away from the sun. Summer is warmer than winter (in each hemisphere) because the Sun's rays hit the Earth at a more direct angle during summer than during winter

30. Equinox “equal night” Sunlight hits the earth most directly at the equator. Day & night lasts 12 hours at all latitudes. Spring & Fall

31. Solstice A Solstice occurs twice a year, when the tilt of the Earth's axis is tilted directly towards or away from the Sun, causing the Sun to appear to reach its northernmost and southernmost extremes. Winter solstice is the shortest day of the year. In the Northern Hemisphere. It occurs on December 21 and marks the beginning of winter. The Summer Solstice is the longest day of the year. It occurs on June 21 and marks the beginning of summer.

32. A Year of Seasons