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From Bacteria to Plants Pages 8-13
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Anton von Leeuwenhoek discovered bacteria when he observed scrapings of his teeth.
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Bacteria come in 3 basic shapes Cocci which looks like sphere Spirillum which looks like spiral Bacillus which looks like a rod They are considered to be living because they are made up of cells.
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Here is a typical bacterial cell Ribosomes make proteins Flagellum = movement Capsule = prevents drying Chromosome = genetic material
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Bacteria are prokaryotes, which means they lack a nucleus. Bacteria are prokaryotes, which means they lack a nucleus. Some bacteria have features such as a capsule, slime layer or flagella to help them survive in unfavorable environments.Some bacteria have features such as a capsule, slime layer or flagella to help them survive in unfavorable environments.
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Asexual Reproduction (Binary Fission) Involves 1 parent Offspring are identical to the parent Often do this through fission: a process in which one cell divides to form two identical cells
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Sexual Reproduction (Conjugation) Involves 2 parents, combination of both parents’ genetic material Creates a New Organism ▪ Results in bacteria with new combination of genetic material ▪ Doesn’t increase the number of bacteria ▪ Increase kinds of bacteria
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Can either be autotrophs or heterotrophs Most are consumers Breakdown food in a process called respiration
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Eubacteria Live almost everywhere Most are useful or harmless Some cause disease (tetanus & strep throat) Help maintain some of Earth’s conditions Archaebacteria Found in extreme conditions Bacteria BrainPop Bacteria BrainPop
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Some ways bacteria are good for us Make antibiotics Produce vitamins Aid in digestion of food Recycle materials Used for fuel In foods Clean up waste (pollutants) Make cleansers
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Some ways bacteria are bad for us Pathogens = cause disease Produce toxins = poisons Infectious Disease: Disease caused by virus, bacteria, protist, or fungi AND spreads.
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Vaccines can be effective against preventing bacterial diseases. Bacterial diseases CAN be treated with antibiotics. Pasteurization = heating a liquid to kill the bacteria.
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